dissimilation

• اسم يشير إلى العملية التي يصبح بها العناصر المتشابهة أقل تشابهاً؛ يُستخدم في اللسانيات لوصف تغير صوتي يتباعد فيه صوتان متجاوران، وفي الأحياء لوصف تفكك المواد المعقدة إلى أبسط منها مع إطلاق طاقة.

A noun referring to a process in which similar elements become less alike, used in linguistics for sound changes and in biology for the metabolic breakdown of complex substances into simpler ones with energy release.

1. Linguistic processC1formal

   A change in speech sounds where one of two similar or identical sounds in a word becomes different or less like the other, often to make pronunciation easier.

   عملية لغوية

   • The change from Latin 'peregrinus' to Italian 'pellegrino' shows dissimilation of the first 'r' to 'l'.
   • Dissimilation often occurs in languages to avoid repeating the same sound.
   • The word 'marble' comes from Latin 'marmor' through a process of dissimilation.

2. Biological processC1formalscientific

   The metabolic breakdown of complex substances within living organisms into simpler compounds, which releases energy.

   تقويض

   • Cellular respiration is a key example of dissimilation in animals.
   • During dissimilation, nutrients are broken down to provide energy for the organism.
   • Plants also undergo dissimilation, especially at night when they break down stored starches.

   المرادفاتcatabolismkatabolism

   الأضدادassimilation