excavation

• اسم يدل على عملية أو نتيجة الحفر وإزالة التراب أو الصخر أو غيرها من المواد من الأرض، وغالباً لأغراض البناء أو التنقيب الأثري أو التعدين.

A noun referring to the process or result of digging out and removing earth, rock, or other materials from the ground, often for construction, archaeological, or mining purposes.

1. Archaeological diggingB2formalscientific

   The process of systematically digging and removing earth to uncover buried remains, such as artifacts or structures.

   تنقيب أثري

   • The excavation of the ancient city revealed a complex network of streets.
   • Archaeologists began a new excavation at the site of the Roman villa.
   • The excavation team carefully documented each layer of soil.

   المرادفاتdigdigging

2. Construction diggingB2formaltechnical

   The process of digging a hole or trench in the ground for building foundations, tunnels, or other structures.

   أعمال الحفر

   • The excavation for the new building's foundation took two weeks.
   • Heavy machinery was used for the excavation of the subway tunnel.
   • The construction crew completed the excavation ahead of schedule.

   المرادفاتcuttingdiggingearthwork