perturb

• فعل يُستعمل للدلالة على إحداث اضطراب أو قلق أو انزعاج عند شخص، أو إحداث خلل أو تغيير في نظام أو عملية.

A verb used to indicate the act of making someone anxious, unsettled, or disturbed; to cause a deviation or disruption in a system or process.

1. Make anxious or unsettledC1formal

   To cause someone to feel worried, anxious, or disturbed.

   أقلق

   • The sudden change in plans perturbed the entire team.
   • She was perturbed by the strange noise coming from the attic.
   • His calm demeanor was not perturbed by the criticism.

   المرادفاتagitatediscomposedisquietdisturbflusterruffletroubleunsettleupsetworry

   الأضدادcalmcomfortreassuresettlesoothe

2. Disturb or interfere withC2formal

   To cause a system, process, or state to deviate from its normal or expected course.

   يعكّر النظام

   • The gravitational pull of the moon perturbs the Earth's orbit slightly.
   • External factors can perturb the delicate balance of the ecosystem.
   • The experiment was designed to avoid perturbing the natural behavior of the subjects.

   المرادفاتagitatederangedisarrangediscomposedisorderdisquietdisruptdisturbtroubleunsettleupset

   الأضدادcalmsettle