those

A demonstrative determiner used as the plural form of 'that' to refer to specific people or things that are distinct from the speaker, often implying distance in space, time, or thought, or referring to something previously mentioned.

• 🌐اسم إشارة للجمع القريب أو البعيد بحسب السياق، يُستعمل للإشارة إلى أشخاص أو أشياء سبق ذكرهم أو معروفين، ويأتي غالبًا بمعنى الذين أو أولئك.

1. Distance in space or time (plural) A1 formal

   Used to identify specific people or things that are further away from the speaker in physical distance or in time (past), contrasting with 'these'.

   • Look at those birds in the sky.
   • I remember those days fondly.
   • Who are those people over there?

   🌐البعد في المكان أو الزمان (الجمع)

2. Reference to previous context (plural) A2 formal

   Used to refer back to ideas, statements, facts, or groups of things that have already been mentioned or are known to both the speaker and the listener.

   • I didn't understand those instructions.
   • Those were difficult times.
   • Why did you choose those options?

   🌐الإشارة إلى سياق سابق (جمع)

3. Contrast or distinction (plural) B1 formal

   Used to distinguish one group of people or things from another, especially when comparing two sets of items.

   • These shoes are cheaper than those.
   • I prefer these colors to those colors.
   • Not these files, but those files.

   🌐التمييز أو الاختلاف (جمع)