tumbrel

• اسم يشير إلى عربة ذات عجلتين، استُخدمت في الأصل لنقل الروث أو النفايات الزراعية، ثم عُرفت تاريخيًا في الثورة الفرنسية بأنها العربة التي كانت تُنقل عليها المحكوم عليهم بالإعدام إلى المقصلة.

A noun referring to a two-wheeled cart, originally used for hauling dung or other farm waste, which later became historically notable for transporting prisoners to the guillotine during the French Revolution.

1. Farm cart for manureC2formalbritish

   A two-wheeled cart used on farms for hauling dung or other heavy loads.

   عربة السماد

   • The farmer loaded the tumbrel with manure from the barn.
   • Horses pulled the heavy tumbrel across the muddy field.
   • Tumbrels were essential for transporting waste in rural areas.

   المرادفاتdumpcart

2. Prisoner cart during the French RevolutionC2formalbritish

   A cart of this type infamously used to carry condemned prisoners, including those sentenced to the guillotine, during the Reign of Terror.

   عربة المحكوم عليهم

   • The tumbrel rumbled through the cobblestone streets toward the Place de la Révolution.
   • Dozens of prisoners were packed into the tumbrel for their final journey.
   • The image of the tumbrel became a symbol of the French Revolution's brutality.