be

• Глагол, используемый для обозначения состояния, существования, идентичности или условия.

A verb used to indicate the state or quality of existence, identity, or condition.

irregular verb

1. State of ExistenceA1formal

   Used to indicate that something exists or to state a fact about something or someone.

   Существовать

   • To be or not to be, that is the question.
   • There is a book on the table.
   • The universe is vast and mysterious.

   Synonymsabideendureexistliveobtainoccurprevailremainsubsist

2. Identity or NatureA1formal

   Used to link a subject with a noun or adjective describing its identity, quality, or condition.

   Быть / Быть кем-то / чем-то

   • She is a teacher.
   • The sky is blue.
   • He is tall and athletic.

3. A1formal

   Used to indicate the location or position of someone or something.

   Находиться

   • The keys are in the drawer.
   • We are at the park.
   • The meeting is in conference room B.

   Synonymslieremainrestsitstandstay

4. A2formal

   Used as an auxiliary verb to form continuous tenses or the passive voice.

   Быть (вспомогательный глагол)

   • She is reading a book. (present continuous)
   • The house was built in 1990. (passive voice)
   • They were eating dinner when we arrived. (past continuous)

5. Obligation or ArrangementB1formal

   Used to express an obligation, arrangement, or plan.

   Быть должным / Быть назначенным

   • You are to finish the report by Friday. (obligation)
   • We are to meet at the station at 5 PM. (arrangement)
   • He is to be awarded for his contributions. (plan)

   Synonymsbe supposed tohave tomustshould

Phrasal variantsbe afterbe on