deflation

• Существительное, обозначающее сокращение или сжатие, которое может относиться к экономической активности, приводящей к снижению цен, геологической эрозии почвы ветром, удаляющим рыхлые частицы, или к действию по выпусканию воздуха из чего-либо.

A noun referring to a reduction or contraction, which can apply to economic activity resulting in a decline of prices, the geological erosion of soil by wind removing loose particles, or the act of releasing air from something.

uncountable

1. Wind erosionC1formalscientific

   The removal of loose soil, sand, dust, and small rocks from the Earth's surface by the action of wind.

   Дефляция (ветровая эрозия)

   • Deflation by wind can create large depressions in desert landscapes.
   • The process of deflation is a major factor in the formation of desert pavements.
   • Strong winds caused significant deflation of the topsoil in the agricultural region.

2. Economic declineB2formalbusiness

   A general decrease in the prices of goods and services, often associated with a reduction in the money supply and economic activity.

   Дефляция

   • The country experienced a period of deflation after the financial crisis.
   • Economists are concerned that deflation could lead to a recession.
   • During deflation, the purchasing power of currency increases.

   Antonymsinflationreflation

3. Release of airB1formal

   The act of letting air out of something, such as a tire, balloon, or inflatable object.

   Спуск воздуха

   • The deflation of the tire was caused by a slow puncture.
   • He carefully controlled the deflation of the hot air balloon.
   • Rapid deflation of the inflatable raft could be dangerous.

   Antonymsexpansionfillinginflation