for

• Союз, используемый для указания причины или объяснения; эквивалентен «потому что», «так как», «ибо»

A coordinating conjunction used to introduce a clause that provides a reason, explanation, or justification for the statement in the preceding clause. Equivalent in meaning to 'because' or 'since', but distinguished by its formal, literary register and specific syntactic requirement of being preceded by a comma when joining two independent clauses. Unlike 'because', it cannot initiate a sentence and is rarely used in casual modern speech.

1. Introducing reason or causeB2formal

   Used as a coordinating conjunction to connect two independent clauses, where the second clause explains the reason, cause, or justification for the first clause. This usage is characteristic of formal, literary, or archaic style and requires a comma before the conjunction. The clause introduced by 'for' cannot stand at the beginning of a sentence.

   Введение причины или обоснования

   • She did not attend the meeting, for she had fallen ill the night before.
   • He chose his words carefully, for the stakes were high.
   • They celebrated, for the project had finally been approved.
   • The team worked through the night, for the deadline could not be moved.
   • I do not steal, for it is wrong.

• Предлог, указывающий на цель, получателя, продолжительность, причину, замену или поддержку.

The preposition 'for' is one of the most common and versatile English prepositions. It is used to indicate purpose, destination, duration, benefit, support, exchange, reason, and many other relational meanings. It often answers questions like 'why?', 'for whom?', 'for what purpose?', or 'how long?'.

1. For (purpose or intended use)A1formal

   Used to show the purpose of an action, object, or plan — what something is meant to do or achieve.

   Для (цель или назначение)

   • This button is for turning on the light.
   • I bought these flowers for you.
   • What is this tool for?
   • She studies hard for good grades.
   • We need a bigger table for the meeting.

2. For (beneficiary — someone who receives something)A1formal

   Used to indicate the person or thing that benefits from an action or receives something.

   Для (получатель или бенефициар)

   • Can you carry this bag for me?
   • He made dinner for his family.
   • I saved a seat for you.
   • She works hard for her children.
   • This gift is for my mother.

3. For (duration of time)A1formal

   Used to express a length of time that an action or state continues.

   В течение (продолжительность времени)

   • I have lived here for ten years.
   • She slept for eight hours.
   • We waited for 30 minutes.
   • He has been away for a long time.
   • The meeting lasted for two hours.

4. For (exchange, price, or substitution)A2formal

   Used to indicate what is exchanged or given in return for something else, or the price of something.

   За (обмен, цена, замена)

   • I bought this shirt for $20.
   • He traded his watch for a guitar.
   • Thank you for your help.
   • I will give you my sandwich for your apple.
   • They work for money.

5. For (reason or cause)B1formal

   Used to explain why something happens — the reason or cause of an action or feeling.

   Из-за / по причине (причина)

   • The city is famous for its architecture.
   • He was punished for being late.
   • I feel sorry for her.
   • She is known for her kindness.
   • He was fired for stealing.

6. For (support or agreement)B1formal

   Used to express support, favor, or agreement with an idea, person, or side.

   За (поддержка или согласие)

   • Are you for or against the new law?
   • I am all for equality.
   • He voted for the proposal.
   • Three cheers for the winner!
   • Everyone was for the idea except him.

7. For (considering / given something — with 'for')B2formal

   Used when making a judgment or comparison relative to what is usual or expected.

   Для (с учётом / по сравнению с нормой)

   • For a child, she speaks very well.
   • It's quite warm for December.
   • For me, this is too difficult.
   • He is tall for his age.
   • For such a small car, it has a lot of space.