lay

• Описывает человека, который не является членом определённой профессии или не обладает специальными знаниями в конкретной области.

Describes someone who is not a member of a particular profession or who lacks specialized knowledge in a specific field.

1. Non-clericalB2formal

   Relating to people who are not members of the clergy or a religious order.

   Светский

   • The lay members of the church organized the charity event.
   • He is a lay preacher who volunteers at the local parish.
   • The council includes both clergy and lay representatives.

   Synonymslaicsecular

   Antonymsclericalecclesiasticalreligious

2. Non-professionalB2formal

   Not belonging to or trained in a particular profession or specialized field.

   Непрофессиональный

   • The book is written for a lay audience, avoiding technical jargon.
   • A lay person might find the legal documents confusing.
   • The report was reviewed by both experts and lay readers.

   Synonymsamateurinexpertnonprofessionalunqualifiedunschooleduntrained

   Antonymsexpertprofessional

• Существительное, обозначающее короткое повествовательное стихотворение или песню, часто народного происхождения и предназначенную для пения, обычно с повторяющимся припевом.

A noun referring to a short narrative poem or song, often of popular origin and intended to be sung, typically featuring a refrain.

1. Narrative song with refrainC1formal

   A short narrative song or lyric poem, often with a recurring refrain, popular in medieval times.

   Песня-повествование с рефреном

   • The minstrel performed a lay about the brave knight.
   • She sang a haunting lay with a repeating chorus.
   • The old lay told the story of a tragic love affair.

   Synonymsballadroundelay

2. C1formal

   A narrative poem of popular origin, often telling a romantic or heroic story.

   Баллада

   • The poet composed a lay about the adventures of a sea captain.
   • This ancient lay has been passed down through generations.
   • He recited a lay that celebrated the beauty of the countryside.

   Synonymsballaddittypoemsong

• Глагол, используемый для обозначения действия по аккуратному или осторожному помещению чего-либо, или для расположения или установки чего-либо в определённое положение.

A verb used to indicate the act of putting something down gently or carefully, or to arrange or set something in position.

irregular verb

1. Put into a certain place or abstract locationA2formal

   To place something carefully in a specific position or location.

   Поместить в определённое место или абстрактное расположение

   • She laid the book on the table.
   • He laid the blame on his colleague.
   • They laid the foundation for the new building.

   Synonymsdepositplaceplantpositionputrestsetsituate

   Antonymsliftraiseremove

2. Put in a horizontal positionA2formal

   To set something down flat or in a resting position.

   Положить горизонтально

   • She laid the baby gently in the crib.
   • He laid the carpet across the floor.
   • The workers laid the tiles in a straight line.

   Synonymsdepositplaceplantpositionputrestsetsettle

   Antonymserectraisestandupright

3. Prepare or position for action or operationB1formal

   To arrange or set up something for a specific purpose or use.

   Подготовить или расположить для действия или операции

   • They laid the table for dinner.
   • The general laid out the battle plan.
   • She laid the groundwork for the project.

   Synonymsarrangeestablishfixplacepositionprepareputsetset upspread

4. Lay eggsA2formal

   To produce eggs from the body, typically used for birds, reptiles, or insects.

   Откладывать яйца

   • The hen laid three eggs this morning.
   • Sea turtles lay their eggs on the beach.
   • The bird laid a clutch of five eggs.

   Synonymsdepositspawn

5. Impose as a duty, burden, or punishmentB2formal

   To assign or enforce something, such as a responsibility, tax, or penalty.

   Возложить

   • The court laid a heavy fine on the company.
   • The new law lays a tax on luxury goods.
   • They laid the responsibility for the failure on the manager.

   Synonymsassignburdenchargeexactimposeinflictlevyplaceput

   Antonymsabsolveexemptliftrelieveremove

Phrasal variantslay awaylay downlay inlay intolay offlay outlay overlay up

• Глагол, обозначающий действие по сообщению неправды или лжи.

A verb used to indicate the act of telling something untrue or not true.

irregular verb

1. Recline or restA1formal

   To be in a flat position on a surface, usually horizontal.

   Лежать

   • She lay on the bed to rest.
   • The book lay open on the table.
   • He lay down on the grass to watch the clouds.

   Synonymslollloungereclinereposerestsprawlstretch out

   Antonymsariserisesitstand

2. Say something untrueA2formal

   To say or tell something that is not true, intentionally deceive.

   Лгать

   • He lied about his age to get the job.
   • Don't lie to your parents.
   • She lied when she said she didn't take the money.

   Synonymsdeceivedissembleequivocatefabricatefalsifyfibinventmisleadperjureprevaricate

3. Be located or situatedB1formal

   To be in a particular position or place.

   Находиться

   • The treasure lies buried under the old tree.
   • The fault lies with the management.
   • The decision lies in your hands.

   Synonymsrestsit

Phrasal variantslie aroundlie downlie inlie with