hold back

To restrain, delay, or prevent someone or something from moving forward or progressing; also, to refrain from expressing an emotion or revealing information.

ruСдерживать, задерживать или препятствовать кому-либо или чему-либо в движении вперед или развитии; также воздерживаться от выражения эмоций или раскрытия информации.esContener, retrasar o impedir que alguien o algo avance o se desarrolle; también abstenerse de expresar emociones o revelar información.frRetenir, empêcher ou entraver quelqu'un ou quelque chose dans son mouvement ou son développement ; également s'abstenir d'exprimer ses émotions ou de révéler des informations.deEtwas oder jemanden in seiner Bewegung oder Entwicklung hemmen, aufhalten oder zurückhalten; auch Gefühle oder Informationen nicht zeigen oder preisgeben.ptImpedir ou retardar o avanço, o movimento ou o desenvolvimento de alguém ou algo; também deixar de expressar emoções ou de revelar informações.zh阻止或妨碍某人或某物前进或发展；也指克制不表达情感或隐瞒信息。arكبح شخصًا أو شيئًا ومنعه من التقدم أو التطور، وكذلك الامتناع عن إظهار المشاعر أو إفشاء المعلومات.

1. Restrain or control B1 informal

   To prevent someone or something from moving forward or acting freely.

   • She held back her tears during the sad movie.
   • The police held back the crowd from entering the building.
   • He held back his anger and remained calm.

   ruСдерживатьesContener o refrenarfrretenir, contenirdeZurückhaltenptConterzh抑制arكبح

2. Delay or hesitate B1 informal

   To delay an action or decision; to be reluctant to do something.

   • Don't hold back; tell me what you really think.
   • She held back from signing the contract until she read it carefully.
   • He held back his opinion during the meeting.

   ruСдерживатьсяesContenerse o vacilarfrhésiter à faire quelque chosedeSich zurückhaltenptHesitarzh犹豫不决arالتردد والتأجيل

3. Withhold information B2 informal

   To keep something secret or not reveal it.

   • The witness held back crucial details from the police.
   • She held back the truth about her past.
   • He held back the news until the right moment.

   ruУтаиватьesOcultar informaciónfrretenir une informationdeZurückhalten von InformationenptOmitir informaçãozh隐瞒arكتم المعلومات