gemmule

• 名词，指查尔斯·达尔文提出的假设性、物理上离散的遗传粒子，被认为是遗传的单位，负责将性状从亲代传递给子代。

A noun referring to a hypothetical, physically discrete particle proposed by Charles Darwin as the unit of heredity, responsible for transmitting characteristics from parent to offspring.

1. Darwinian hereditary unitC2formalscientific

   A hypothetical minute particle or unit, proposed by Charles Darwin, that was believed to carry hereditary information and to be transferred from all parts of the body to the reproductive cells.

   泛生子

   • Darwin's theory of pangenesis suggested that gemmules collected in the reproductive organs.
   • Many scientists of the 19th century debated the existence of gemmules.
   • Gemmules were thought to be responsible for transmitting acquired characteristics.

2. Sponge reproductive structureC1formalscientific

   A small, protective bud-like structure formed by certain sponges, capable of surviving unfavorable conditions and developing into a new sponge.

   芽球

   • Freshwater sponges produce gemmules to survive the winter.
   • The gemmule contains a mass of cells surrounded by a tough coat.
   • When conditions improve, the gemmule hatches and grows into a new sponge.