sterilization

• 指杀灭或去除物体上所有微生物（包括细菌芽孢）的过程；也指使生物体丧失生殖能力的手术或处理。

A noun referring to the process of making something free from living microorganisms, or the act of rendering an organism unable to reproduce.

不可数

1. Medical procedure for infertilityB2formalmedical

   A medical procedure that makes a person or animal unable to reproduce.

   绝育

   • The doctor explained the risks of sterilization before the surgery.
   • Many pet owners choose sterilization to control the animal population.
   • Sterilization is a permanent form of birth control.

   反义词fertilizationinsemination

2. Elimination of microorganismsB2formalmedical

   A process that destroys all forms of microbial life, including bacteria, viruses, and spores, usually through heat or chemicals.

   灭菌

   • Surgical instruments must undergo sterilization before each operation.
   • Autoclaving is a common method of sterilization in hospitals.
   • Proper sterilization of baby bottles is important for hygiene.

   反义词contaminationinoculation