by hand

• ما يُصنع أو يُنجز باستخدام اليدين مباشرةً، دون الاستعانة بآلات أو أدوات مؤتمتة.

Performed manually using one's hands, without the use of machines or automated tools.

1. ManuallyA2formal

   Done using the hands rather than by machine or automatically.

   يدويًا

   • The letter was written by hand.
   • She sewed the dress entirely by hand.
   • The pottery was shaped by hand.

2. Delivered personallyB1formal

   Given directly to someone rather than sent through a system.

   مُسلَّم شخصيًا

   • The invitation was delivered by hand to each guest.
   • He passed the note by hand to his friend.
   • The documents were sent by hand to the office.