closed chain

• مصطلح يُستخدم في الكيمياء والفيزياء لوصف بنية جزيئية ترتبط فيها الذرات على شكل حلقة أو عروة، مكوّنة ترتيبًا حلقيًا بدلًا من سلسلة مفتوحة. ويشير أيضًا إلى أي نظام مغلق تشكّل فيه العناصر حلقة متصلة.

A term used in chemistry and physics to describe a molecular structure where atoms are connected in a ring or loop, forming a cyclic arrangement rather than an open chain.

1. Closed kinematic chainC1formal

   A mechanical system where the links and joints form a closed loop, meaning the end of the chain is connected back to its base.

   سلسلة حركية مغلقة

   • Robotic arms often use a closed chain design for increased stability.
   • The bicycle frame is an example of a closed chain structure.
   • Engineers analyzed the closed chain mechanism to reduce vibration.

2. Closed chemical chainC2formal

   A molecular structure where atoms are arranged in a ring or cycle, such as in cyclic compounds.

   سلسلة مغلقة

   • Benzene is a classic example of a closed chain molecule.
   • Closed chain hydrocarbons are also known as cycloalkanes.
   • The stability of the closed chain structure affects its chemical reactivity.

3. Closed chain in biologyC2formal

   A series of interconnected biological processes or reactions that form a cycle, with no free ends.

   السلسلة المغلقة

   • The Krebs cycle is a closed chain of metabolic reactions.
   • Closed chain feedback loops regulate hormone levels in the body.
   • Ecologists study closed chain nutrient cycles in ecosystems.