closed chain

A term used in chemistry and physics to describe a molecular structure where atoms are connected in a ring or loop, forming a cyclic arrangement rather than an open chain.

ruТермин, используемый в химии и физике для описания молекулярной структуры, в которой атомы соединены в кольцо или петлю, образуя циклическое расположение, а не открытую цепь.esTérmino utilizado en química y física para describir una estructura molecular en la que los átomos están unidos formando un anillo o bucle, dando lugar a una disposición cíclica en lugar de una cadena abierta.frTerme utilisé en chimie et en physique pour désigner une structure moléculaire dans laquelle les atomes sont reliés en un anneau ou une boucle, formant un arrangement cyclique plutôt qu'une chaîne ouverte.deBegriff aus Chemie und Physik für eine molekulare Struktur, bei der die Atome zu einem Ring oder einer Schleife verbunden sind und eine zyklische statt einer offenen Anordnung bilden.ptTermo usado em química e física para descrever uma estrutura molecular na qual os átomos estão ligados formando um anel ou laço, em uma disposição cíclica, em vez de uma cadeia aberta.zh化学和物理术语，指原子连接成环或闭合回路的分子结构，形成环状排列而非开放链。arمصطلح يُستخدم في الكيمياء والفيزياء لوصف بنية جزيئية ترتبط فيها الذرات على شكل حلقة أو عروة، مكوّنة ترتيبًا حلقيًا بدلًا من سلسلة مفتوحة. ويشير أيضًا إلى أي نظام مغلق تشكّل فيه العناصر حلقة متصلة.

1. Closed kinematic chain C1 formal

   A mechanical system where the links and joints form a closed loop, meaning the end of the chain is connected back to its base.

   • Robotic arms often use a closed chain design for increased stability.
   • The bicycle frame is an example of a closed chain structure.
   • Engineers analyzed the closed chain mechanism to reduce vibration.

   ruЗамкнутая кинематическая цепьesCadena cinemática cerradafrChaîne cinématique ferméedeGeschlossene kinematische KetteptCadeia cinemática fechadazh闭链arسلسلة حركية مغلقة

2. Closed chemical chain C2 formal

   A molecular structure where atoms are arranged in a ring or cycle, such as in cyclic compounds.

   • Benzene is a classic example of a closed chain molecule.
   • Closed chain hydrocarbons are also known as cycloalkanes.
   • The stability of the closed chain structure affects its chemical reactivity.

   ruЗамкнутая цепьescadena cerradafrchaîne ferméedeGeschlossene Ketteptcadeia fechadazh闭环arسلسلة مغلقة

3. Closed chain in biology C2 formal

   A series of interconnected biological processes or reactions that form a cycle, with no free ends.

   • The Krebs cycle is a closed chain of metabolic reactions.
   • Closed chain feedback loops regulate hormone levels in the body.
   • Ecologists study closed chain nutrient cycles in ecosystems.

   ruЗамкнутая цепьescadena cerradafrChaîne fermée (en biologie)degeschlossene Ketteptcadeia fechadazh闭环arالسلسلة المغلقة