espionage

• ممارسة التجسس وجمع المعلومات السرية عن خطط وأنشطة حكومة أجنبية أو منظمة منافسة بواسطة عملاء سريين. وتشمل أيضًا نشاط الاستخبارات والمراقبة السرية.

The practice of spying or using secret agents to obtain information about the plans and activities of a foreign government or competing organization.

غير معدود

1. SpyingC1formalpolitical

   The practice of obtaining confidential information about a government, organization, or competitor, typically through secret means.

   جاسوسية

   • The agent was arrested for industrial espionage.
   • Espionage between rival nations has a long history.
   • Modern espionage often involves cyber attacks and hacking.

   المرادفاتintelligencespyingsurveillanceundercover work