pagan

• وصف يُطلق على ما يتصل بالمعتقدات والممارسات الدينية التي لا تنتمي إلى الديانات العالمية الكبرى، وخاصة الديانات القديمة أو الوثنية القائمة على عبادة الأصنام أو تعدد الآلهة.

Relating to religious beliefs and practices that are not part of any of the main world religions, especially those from ancient times.

1. Non-AbrahamicB2formal

   Relating to or denoting a person who does not follow the God of Christianity, Judaism, or Islam.

   وثني

   • The ancient pagan tribes worshipped multiple deities.
   • Pagan rituals often involved offerings to nature spirits.
   • The historian studied pagan traditions before the spread of monotheism.

   المرادفاتheatheninfidel

2. Polytheistic or Nature-BasedB2formal

   Associated with religions that worship many gods or focus on nature, often pre-Christian.

   وثني

   • Pagan festivals celebrated the solstices and equinoxes.
   • Many pagan beliefs were absorbed into local folklore.
   • The temple ruins show evidence of pagan worship.

   المرادفاتanimisticheathenidolatrouspolytheistic

   الأضدادchristianislamicjudaicmonotheistic

• اسم يشير إلى شخص لا يتبع الديانة العالمية السائدة، وغالبًا ما يرتبط بالاعتقادات الوثنية أو ما قبل المسيحية، أو إلى شخص منغمس في الملذات الحسية.

A noun referring to a person who does not follow a major world religion, often associated with polytheistic or pre-Christian beliefs, or someone motivated by sensual pleasures.

1. Non-believer in a specific godB2formal

   A person who does not acknowledge or worship the god of a particular religion, especially from a monotheistic perspective.

   وثني

   • In ancient times, Christians were often accused of being pagans by Roman authorities.
   • The missionary described the local tribes as pagans because they did not follow his faith.
   • Some historical texts refer to non-believers as pagans.

   المرادفاتgentileheatheninfidelnonbelieverunbeliever

2. Follower of polytheistic or pre-Christian religionB2formal

   A person who follows a polytheistic or pre-Christian religion, such as ancient Greek, Roman, Norse, or Celtic traditions.

   وثني

   • Modern pagans often celebrate seasonal festivals like the solstices.
   • The ancient pagans worshipped multiple gods and goddesses.
   • Many pagan traditions were absorbed into Christian holidays.

   المرادفاتgentileheathenidolaterpolytheist

   الأضدادmonotheist

3. Person focused on sensual pleasuresC1informal

   Someone who is motivated primarily by desires for sensual or worldly pleasures, often used in a derogatory sense.

   عاشق للملذات

   • He was called a pagan by his critics for his hedonistic lifestyle.
   • The novel portrays the protagonist as a pagan devoted to wine and feasts.
   • She rejected the label of pagan, insisting she simply enjoyed life's pleasures.

   المرادفاتhedonistlibertinepleasure seekersensualistsybaritevoluptuary

   الأضدادasceticpuritanstoic