backup

• Существительное, обозначающее резерв, дубликат или вспомогательную систему, например, копию данных, замену человека или скопление, вызывающее затор.

A noun referring to a reserve, duplicate, or support system, such as a copy of data, a substitute person, or an accumulation causing a blockage.

1. Accumulation due to blockageB2informal

   A buildup or pile-up caused by a clog or stoppage, often in a system or flow.

   Затор

   • There was a backup in the sink because of the clogged drain.
   • The traffic backup stretched for miles after the accident.
   • A backup in the sewer system caused flooding in the basement.

   Synonymsblockageclogcongestionjamlogjamobstructionsnarl

2. Replacement or substituteB1formal

   A person who takes over the role of another, especially in dangerous or difficult situations.

   Замена

   • The team has a backup in case the lead singer gets sick.
   • He served as a backup for the security guard during the night shift.
   • We need a backup driver for the long road trip.

   Synonymsalternatecoverreliefreplacementreservestand-insubstitutesurrogateunderstudy

3. Supporting musical partB2formalart

   A vocal or instrumental part that provides support or background for the main musical performance.

   Аккомпанемент

   • The backup singers harmonized beautifully with the lead vocalist.
   • He played backup guitar for the band during the concert.
   • The backup track added depth to the song's arrangement.

   Synonymsaccompanimentsupport

4. Digital copyB1formalIT

   A copy of a file or directory stored on a separate device to prevent data loss.

   Резервная копия

   • Always keep a backup of your important documents on an external hard drive.
   • The system automatically creates a backup every night.
   • She lost her data because she didn't have a backup.

   Synonymsarchivecopyduplicatemirror

5. Approval and supportB2formal

   The act of providing endorsement, assistance, or reinforcement to someone or something.

   Поддержка

   • The manager gave his backup to the new project proposal.
   • She needed backup from her colleagues to push the idea forward.
   • The committee offered its backup for the community initiative.

   Synonymsaidapprovalassistanceblessingendorsementpatronagereinforcementsponsorshipsupport