choke

• Существительное, обозначающее устройство, используемое для ограничения потока, например, катушка в электрических цепях, блокирующая переменный ток и пропускающая постоянный, или клапан в двигателе, регулирующий топливно-воздушную смесь.

A noun referring to a device used to restrict flow, such as a coil in electrical circuits that blocks alternating current while allowing direct current, or a valve in an engine that controls the air-fuel mixture.

1. Electrical chokeC1formaltechnical

   A coil with low resistance and high inductance used in electrical circuits to allow direct current to pass while blocking or reducing alternating current.

   Дроссель

   • The technician replaced the faulty choke in the power supply unit.
   • A choke is commonly used in fluorescent lamp ballasts.
   • The circuit uses a choke to filter out high-frequency noise.

   Synonymschoke coilinductorreactor

2. Engine chokeB2formaltechnical

   A valve that controls the flow of air into the carburetor of a gasoline engine, used to enrich the fuel mixture for cold starts.

   Воздушная заслонка

   • He pulled the choke to start the old lawnmower.
   • The car's engine wouldn't start without using the choke.
   • Modern cars no longer have a manual choke.

• Глагол, используемый для описания затруднения дыхания из-за препятствия в горле или неспособности эффективно действовать под давлением.

A verb used to describe the act of having difficulty breathing due to an obstruction in the throat, or to fail to perform effectively under pressure.

1. Struggle to breatheB1formal

   To have difficulty breathing, often due to a blocked airway or strong emotion.

   Задыхаться

   • He started to choke on a piece of meat.
   • She choked with emotion during her speech.
   • The smoke made him choke and cough.

   Synonymscoughgaggaspsputterwheeze

2. Strangle or throttleB2formal

   To squeeze someone's throat to prevent breathing.

   Душить

   • The villain tried to choke his victim.
   • He was choked by the attacker from behind.
   • The tight collar nearly choked him.

   Synonymsgarrotestranglestrangulatethrottle

3. Block or obstructB2formal

   To become or cause something to become blocked or clogged.

   Забивать

   • Leaves choked the drainpipe.
   • The engine choked because of a fuel blockage.
   • Weeds are choking the garden plants.

   Synonymsblockclogcongestdamjamobstructoccludeplugstop upstuff

   Antonymsclearfreeopenunblockunclog

4. Fail under pressureB2informal

   To perform poorly in a critical situation due to nervousness or tension.

   Сорваться

   • The athlete choked during the final race.
   • He choked on his lines during the audition.
   • She usually plays well, but she choked in the championship.

   Synonymsbucklecrackfalterfoldfreezepanicwilt

   Antonymsexcelflourishsucceedthrive

5. Suppress or stifleC1formal

   To hold back or inhibit the development or expression of something.

   Подавлять

   • Strict rules can choke creativity.
   • The bureaucracy choked all innovation.
   • Fear choked her ability to speak freely.

   Synonymscheckcurbinhibitquellrepressrestrainsmotherstiflesuppressthrottle

   Antonymsaidencouragefosterfreehelppromotereleasestimulate

6. Reduce air supplyC1formal

   To limit the amount of air entering an engine or system.

   Ограничить подачу воздуха

   • He choked the engine to start it in cold weather.
   • The carburetor needs to be choked for a cold start.
   • Choking the engine helps mix fuel and air properly.

   Synonymsrestrictstarvethrottle

   Antonymsopen

Phrasal variantschoke downchoke offchoke up