rub

A noun referring to an act of applying pressure and movement to a surface, or a substance used for polishing or cleaning.

ruСуществительное, обозначающее действие по приложению давления и движения к поверхности, или вещество, используемое для полировки или чистки.esSustantivo que designa la acción de presionar y mover algo sobre una superficie, o una sustancia utilizada para pulir o limpiar.frNom désignant l'action de frotter ou de presser une surface avec mouvement, ou une substance utilisée pour polir ou nettoyer.deSubstantiv, das die Handlung des Druckausübens und Bewegens auf einer Oberfläche bezeichnet, oder eine Substanz, die zum Polieren oder Reinigen verwendet wird.ptSubstantivo que designa a ação de aplicar pressão e movimento sobre uma superfície, ou uma substância usada para polir ou limpar.zh表示对表面施加压力并移动的动作，即摩擦、揉搓；也指用于抛光或清洁的物质。arاسم يدل على فعل الضغط والتحريك على سطح ما، أو على مادة تستخدم للتلميع أو التنظيف.

1. Massage or friction A2 informal

   An act of applying pressure and moving one's hand or an object back and forth on a surface.

   • She gave her sore back a gentle rub.
   • A quick rub with a cloth removed the stain.
   • He applied a rub to his aching muscles after the workout.

   ruРастираниеesFricción o masajefrFrottement, massagedeReibungptFricçãozh揉搓arدلك

   Synonyms: chafefrictionmassagerubdownstroking

2. Difficulty or problem B2 informal

   A difficulty or obstacle that prevents something from being straightforward.

   • The rub is that we don't have enough time to finish the project.
   • There's the rub: we need more funding but no one will invest.
   • The only rub is that the flight is delayed by three hours.

   ruЗагвоздкаesdificultad o problemafrdifficulté, obstacledeHakenptDificuldadezh障碍arعَقَبَة

   Synonyms: catchdifficultydrawbackhitchimpedimentobstacleproblemsnag

• rubs plural form
• rubs' possessive plural form
• rub's possessive singular form

A verb used to indicate the act of moving one surface against another, often with pressure, for cleaning, smoothing, or applying something.

ruГлагол, используемый для обозначения действия перемещения одной поверхности по другой, часто с нажимом, для очистки, сглаживания или нанесения чего-либо.esVerbo que describe la acción de mover una superficie sobre otra, a menudo con presión, para limpiar, alisar, frotar o aplicar algo.frVerbe désignant l'action de passer une surface contre une autre, souvent avec pression, pour nettoyer, polir, lisser ou appliquer une substance.deVerb, das die Handlung bezeichnet, eine Oberfläche über eine andere zu bewegen, oft mit Druck, zum Reinigen, Glätten oder Auftragen von etwas.ptVerbo usado para indicar a ação de mover uma superfície sobre outra, geralmente com pressão, para limpar, alisar, polir, secar ou aplicar algo.zh动词，表示使一个表面在另一个表面上移动，通常带有压力，用于清洁、弄平或涂抹某物。arفعل يدل على تحريك سطح على سطح آخر مع الضغط غالبًا، وذلك للتنظيف أو التسوية أو إزالة شيء أو إيصال أثر مادة.

1. Apply pressure and move A2 formal

   To move one's hand or an object back and forth over a surface while pressing, often to clean, dry, or soothe.

   • She rubbed her eyes after waking up.
   • He rubbed the stain with a cloth to remove it.
   • The cat rubbed against my leg.

   ruТеретьesfrotarfrFrotter en appuyantdeReibenptEsfregarzh摩擦arيَدْعَكُ

   Synonyms: chafemassagepolishscrapescrubstrokewipe

2. Massage B1 formal

   To press and move your hands on a part of someone's body to reduce pain or help them relax.

   • The therapist rubbed my shoulders to relieve the tension.
   • He rubbed his sore muscles after the workout.
   • She gently rubbed the baby's back to help him sleep.

   ruМассироватьesmasajearfrmasserdeMassierenptMassagearzh按摩arتدليك

   Synonyms: kneadmanipulatemassagework

3. Cause friction B1 formal

   To cause something to move against something else, often resulting in wear or irritation.

   • The new shoes rubbed against my heels and caused blisters.
   • The rope rubbed against the rock, fraying over time.
   • The collar of the shirt rubbed his neck uncomfortably.

   ruТеретьesfrotarfrfrotterdeReibenptFriccionarzh摩擦arحكّ

   Synonyms: abradechafecorradegrategrindscrapewear

• rubbed past participle
• rubbed past simple
• rubbing present participle
• rubs third person singular

Phrasal variants: rub alongrub downrub offrub out