chafe

• Существительное, обозначающее болезненность и тепло, вызванные трением, или гнев, вызванный раздражающим воздействием.

A noun referring to soreness and warmth caused by friction, or anger produced by some annoying irritation.

uncountable

1. Soreness from frictionB2formal

   A condition of skin irritation, soreness, or warmth caused by rubbing against something.

   Потертость

   • The hiker developed a chafe on his heel from his new boots.
   • Applying cream can help soothe the chafe caused by tight clothing.
   • She felt a chafe on her thigh after the long run.

   Synonymsabrasionchafinggallingirritationsoreness

2. Annoyance or irritationC1formal

   A feeling of anger, annoyance, or irritation caused by something bothersome.

   Раздражение

   • The constant delays were a chafe to the entire team.
   • His rude comments were a chafe that she couldn't ignore.
   • The bureaucratic red tape was a chafe for the small business owner.

   Synonymsaggravationannoyanceexasperationfrustrationgrievanceirritationprovocationvexation

• Глагол, используемый для обозначения действия трения чего-либо, вызывающего трение или раздражение, или для обозначения состояния раздражения или досады.

A verb used to indicate the act of rubbing something to cause friction or irritation, or to become irritated or annoyed.

1. Become sore from rubbingB2formal

   To become or make sore by or as if by rubbing.

   Натирать

   • The new shoes chafed his heels badly.
   • Her skin chafed from the rough fabric of the backpack.
   • The horse's saddle chafed its back.

   Synonymsabradeexcoriatefretgallrasprub

2. Feel irritated or annoyedC1formal

   To feel extreme irritation or anger, often due to restrictions or delays.

   Раздражаться

   • He chafed at the long wait in the queue.
   • She chafed under the strict rules of the institution.
   • The employees chafed against the new regulations.

   Synonymsfretfumeragesmart

   Antonymscontentdelightpleasesatisfy

3. Cause minor annoyanceC1formal

   To cause annoyance in; disturb, especially by minor irritations.

   Раздражать

   • His constant humming chafed her nerves.
   • The delay chafed everyone in the meeting.
   • Small mistakes chafe the perfectionist.

   Synonymsaggravateannoybotherexasperategallirkirritatenettlepeeverilerufflevex

   Antonymscomfortdelightgratifypleasesoothe

4. Wear off skin by abrasionB2formal

   To tear or wear off the skin or make sore by abrading.

   Стирать кожу трением

   • The rough rope chafed the skin off his hands.
   • Her knees were chafed from crawling on the carpet.
   • The ill-fitting harness chafed the dog's fur.

   Synonymsabradeexcoriatefretgallgrazerasprubscrape

   Antonymshealprotectsoothe

5. C1formal

   To cause friction, often between surfaces or people.

   Вызывать трение

   • The two materials chafe against each other.
   • Their differing opinions chafed during the debate.
   • The rope chafed against the rock edge.

   Synonymsabradegraterasprubscrapewear

   Antonymseaselubricatesmoothsoothe

6. B2formal

   To warm by rubbing, as with the hands.

   Согревать трением

   • He chafed his hands together to warm them.
   • She chafed her arms briskly in the cold wind.
   • The old man chafed his numb fingers.