skimming

uncountable

A noun with multiple meanings: the act of removing material from the surface of a liquid; the practice of reading or glancing through something quickly; the illegal act of concealing income to avoid taxation; or the act of lightly brushing against something while passing.

ruСуществительное с несколькими значениями: действие по удалению материала с поверхности жидкости; практика быстрого чтения или просмотра чего-либо; незаконное действие по сокрытию дохода для уклонения от налогообложения; или действие по легкому касанию чего-либо при прохождении.esSustantivo con varios sentidos: acción de retirar material de la superficie de un líquido; práctica de leer o revisar algo rápidamente; acto ilegal de ocultar ingresos para evadir impuestos; o acción de tocar ligeramente algo al pasar.frNom désignant plusieurs actions : retirer une couche en surface d'un liquide ; lecture ou parcours rapide et superficiel ; pratique illégale consistant à dissimuler une partie de ses revenus pour échapper à l'impôt ; ou fait d'effleurer quelque chose en passant.deSubstantiv mit mehreren Bedeutungen: das Entfernen von Material von der Oberfläche einer Flüssigkeit; die Praxis des schnellen Lesens oder Überfliegens von etwas; eine illegale Handlung zur Verschleierung von Einkommen zwecks Steuerhinterziehung; oder das leichte Berühren von etwas beim Vorbeigehen.ptSubstantivo com vários sentidos: ato de retirar material da superfície de um líquido; prática de ler ou examinar algo rapidamente; ato ilegal de ocultar renda para evadir impostos; ou ato de tocar levemente algo ao passar.zh一个多义名词：从液体表面撇去物质的行为；快速浏览或阅读的做法；为逃税而隐瞒收入的非法行为；或经过时轻轻擦过的动作。arاسم يحمل عدة معانٍ: إزالة المادة من سطح سائل، أو القراءة السريعة أو التصفح العابر، أو إخفاء الدخل للتهرب من الضرائب، أو الملامسة الخفيفة لشيء أثناء المرور.

1. Removing surface material B1 formal culinary

   The act of removing floating material, such as fat or debris, from the surface of a liquid.

   • The chef used a spoon for skimming the fat off the soup.
   • Skimming the foam from the boiling broth improves the clarity of the stock.
   • The pool cleaner is responsible for skimming leaves from the water surface.

   ruСнятиеesDesespumado o desnatadofrécumagedeAbschöpfenptRemoção da superfíciezh撇去arكشط السطح

2. Quick reading B2 informal

   The practice of reading or glancing through text quickly to get a general idea of the content.

   • Skimming the article before the meeting helped her understand the main points.
   • He used skimming to review the textbook chapters before the exam.
   • Skimming through emails is a common way to manage a busy inbox.

   ruБеглое чтениеeslectura rápidafrlecture rapide / survoldeÜberfliegenptLeitura rápidazh略读arالقراءة السريعة

   Synonyms: browsingleafingscanning

   Antonyms: perusalscrutinystudy

3. Tax evasion C1 formal legal

   The illegal practice of failing to declare income in order to avoid paying taxes on it.

   • The businessman was arrested for skimming profits from his company.
   • Skimming cash payments is a common form of tax evasion.
   • The audit revealed a pattern of skimming that had gone unnoticed for years.

   ruУклонение от уплаты налоговesOcultación de ingresos para evadir impuestosfrSoustraction fiscaledeSteuerhinterziehungptSonegação fiscalzh逃税arالتهرب الضريبي

   Synonyms: tax evasion

   Antonyms: compliancedeclaration

4. Brushing against B2 informal

   The act of lightly brushing against something while passing by.

   • The skimming of her sleeve against the wall left a mark.
   • He felt the skimming of a branch as he walked through the forest.
   • The car's side mirror was damaged by the skimming of a passing truck.

   ruКасаниеesrocefrEffleurementdeStreifenptRoçarzh擦过arالملامسة العابرة

   Synonyms: brushinggrazingshavingsweepingtouching

• skimmings plural form
• skimmings' possessive plural form
• skimming's possessive singular form

A verb used to indicate the act of reading or glancing through something quickly to get the main ideas, or removing a substance from the surface of a liquid.

ruГлагол, используемый для обозначения быстрого чтения или просмотра чего-либо с целью уловить основные идеи, или удаления вещества с поверхности жидкости.esVerbo que significa leer o mirar rápidamente algo para captar las ideas principales, o retirar algo de la superficie de un líquido.frVerbe utilisé pour désigner le fait de lire ou de parcourir rapidement quelque chose afin d'en saisir les idées principales, ou d'enlever une substance à la surface d'un liquide.deSchnell lesen oder überfliegen, um die Hauptpunkte zu erfassen; auch das Abschöpfen oder Entfernen von etwas von der Oberfläche einer Flüssigkeit.ptVerbo usado para indicar a leitura rápida ou superficial de um texto para captar as ideias principais, ou para remover uma substância da superfície de um líquido.zh动词，指快速阅读或浏览以抓住主要意思，也指去除液体表面的物质。arفعل يُستخدم للدلالة على القراءة أو التصفح السريع لشيء ما لالتقاط الأفكار الرئيسية، أو لإزالة مادة ما من على سطح سائل.

1. Travel on the surface of water B2 formal

   To move lightly and quickly across the surface of a liquid, often skipping or gliding.

   • The stone skimmed across the lake, bouncing three times before sinking.
   • Birds skimmed the water's surface looking for fish.
   • The boat skimmed over the calm sea at high speed.

   ruСкользить по поверхностиesdeslizarse rozando la superficiefrEffleurer la surface de l'eaudeÜber die Wasseroberfläche gleitenptDeslizar sobre a superfíciezh掠过水面arالانزلاق على سطح الماء

   Synonyms: glideplanescudskipskittersweep

2. Move swiftly and lightly over a surface B2 formal

   To pass quickly and lightly over or near a surface without touching it deeply.

   • The dragonfly skimmed the surface of the pond.
   • Her fingers skimmed over the piano keys effortlessly.
   • The helicopter skimmed the treetops during the rescue mission.

   ruСкользитьesPasar rozando o deslizarsefrEffleurerdeÜber eine Oberfläche gleitenptDeslizarzh掠过arالمرور السريع الخفيف على السطح

   Synonyms: brushdartflitglidegrazescudskateskipslipsweep

   Antonyms: diveplungesinksubmerge

3. Examine hastily B1 informal

   To read or look at something quickly and superficially, without paying close attention to details.

   • I only had time to skim the newspaper headlines this morning.
   • She skimmed the report before the meeting to get the main points.
   • He skimmed through the contract, missing a few important clauses.

   ruПросмотретьeshojearfrparcourir rapidementdeÜberfliegenptLer rapidamentezh浏览arتصفح سريع

   Synonyms: browsedip intoglancelook-overrun throughscan

   Antonyms: analyzeexamineinspectperusescrutinizestudy

4. Cause to skip over a surface B2 informal

   To make an object bounce or skip across a surface, typically water.

   • The children skimmed stones across the river for fun.
   • He skimmed a flat rock across the pond, making it skip five times.
   • They were skimming pebbles on the lake during their picnic.

   ruЗаставить скользить по поверхностиesHacer rebotar o deslizar sobre una superficiefrFaire ricocherdeAuf der Oberfläche hüpfen lassenptFazer ricochetear na superfíciezh使掠过水面arجعل الشيء ينزلق على سطح الماء

   Synonyms: bouncericochetskip

5. Coat a liquid with a layer C1 formal

   To form or cover the surface of a liquid with a thin layer of something.

   • The soup was skimmed with a thin layer of oil.
   • After cooling, the broth was skimmed with a layer of fat.
   • The pond was skimmed with a green layer of algae.

   ruПокрыватьesCubrir la superficie de un líquido con una capafrRecouvrir d'une couchedeMit einer Schicht überziehenptCobrir com películazh结膜arتغطية سطح السائل

   Synonyms: coatfilmoverlay

6. Remove from the surface B2 formal

   To take something off the top of a liquid, such as cream, foam, or impurities.

   • She skimmed the cream off the milk to make butter.
   • The chef skimmed the foam from the boiling stock.
   • He skimmed the impurities from the surface of the molten metal.

   ruСнимать с поверхностиesQuitar de la superficiefrÉcrémer (retirer de la surface)deVon der Oberfläche abschöpfenptRemover da superfíciezh撇去arإزالة من السطح

   Synonyms: creamladlescoopspoon

   Antonyms: dipimmersesinksubmerge

7. Read superficially B1 informal

   To read quickly and without full comprehension, focusing only on the main ideas.

   • I skimmed the textbook chapter before the exam.
   • She skimmed the article to see if it was relevant to her research.
   • He tends to skim emails rather than reading them thoroughly.

   ruПросматриватьesLeer por encimafrparcourir superficiellementdeÜberfliegenptLer superficialmentezh略读arقراءة سطحية

   Synonyms: browseglance overrun throughscan

   Antonyms: perusescrutinizestudy

• skimmed past participle
• skimmed past simple
• skimming present participle
• skims third person singular

Phrasal variants: skim offskim over