surface

• Относящийся к внешнему или верхнему слою чего-либо; неглубокий или поверхностный.

Relating to the outside or top layer of something; not deep or profound.

1. Relating to the outer layerB1formal

   Of or relating to the outermost layer or top of something.

   Поверхностный

   • The surface temperature of the planet is extremely high.
   • Surface water is essential for agriculture.
   • The surface tension of the liquid prevents it from spilling.

   Synonymsexteriorexternalouteroutsideoutwardsuperficial

   Antonymsdeepinnerinteriorinternalsubsurface

2. Superficial or apparentB2formal

   Relating to the outward appearance rather than the deeper reality.

   Поверхностный

   • The surface level of the report seems fine, but the details are flawed.
   • His surface charm hides a manipulative personality.
   • We only have a surface understanding of the problem.

   Synonymsapparentcosmeticexternaloutwardseemingskin-deepsuperficial

   Antonymsactualdeepprofoundreal

• Существительное, обозначающее внешний или верхний слой объекта, или плоскую область, образующую границу твёрдого тела.

A noun referring to the outside or top layer of an object, or a flat area forming the boundary of a solid.

1. Outer layerA2formal

   The outside or top layer of an object or material.

   Поверхность

   • The surface of the table is smooth and polished.
   • The paint is peeling off the surface of the wall.
   • The surface of the lake was perfectly still.

   Synonymscoatingcoveringexteriorfaceoutsideskintop

2. B2formal

   The outward appearance of something, often hiding the true nature.

   Внешность

   • Beneath his calm surface, he was very nervous.
   • The problem goes deeper than the surface suggests.
   • On the surface, everything seemed fine.

   Synonymsappearanceexteriorfrontlookmaskpretenseshowveneer

   Antonymscoreessencerealitysubstance

3. Mathematics/GeometryB2formal

   A continuous set of points that has length and breadth but no thickness.

   Поверхность

   • A sphere has a curved surface.
   • The surface area of a cube is calculated by 6a².
   • The plane is a flat two-dimensional surface.

• Глагол, используемый для обозначения действия подъема на поверхность жидкости, или в переносном смысле — становиться известным или появляться после того, как был скрыт.

A verb used to indicate the act of rising to the surface of a liquid, or figuratively, to become known or appear after being hidden.

1. Come to the topB1formal

   To rise or come up to the surface of a liquid.

   Всплыть

   • The submarine surfaced near the coast.
   • Bubbles surfaced from the bottom of the lake.
   • The whale surfaced to breathe.

   Synonymsappeararisecome upemergerise

   Antonymsdiveplungesinksubmerge

2. Become known or appearB2formal

   To become apparent or known after being hidden.

   Всплыть

   • New evidence surfaced during the investigation.
   • The truth about the scandal finally surfaced.
   • Rumors have surfaced about the company's financial troubles.

   Synonymsappeararisecome upcrop upemergematerialize

   Antonymsdisappearrecedevanish

3. Apply a surface layerB2formal

   To put a surface layer on something, such as a road or floor.

   Покрыть поверхность

   • The workers surfaced the road with asphalt.
   • They surfaced the wooden floor with a protective coating.
   • The driveway was surfaced with gravel.

   Synonymscoatcoverfacefinishlayeroverlaypave