to

The preposition 'to' indicates direction or movement toward a place, person, or thing; it marks the recipient of an action, expresses temporal limits, denotes ranges or ratios, shows attachment or connection, indicates purpose with gerunds, and establishes relationships of comparison, result, or accompaniment.

• 🇷🇺Предлог 'to' указывает на направление или движение к месту, человеку или предмету; он обозначает получателя действия, выражает временные пределы, обозначает диапазоны или соотношения, показывает привязанность или связь, указывает на цель с герундием и устанавливает отношения сравнения, результата или сопровождения.

1. Direction or movement toward A1 formal

   Indicates movement or orientation in the direction of a place, person, or object

   • She went to the store
   • He pointed to the map
   • We're driving to London

   🇷🇺в, к, на

2. Recipient or indirect object A1 formal

   Marks the person or entity that receives something or for whom an action is performed

   • I gave the book to my friend
   • She sent a letter to her mother
   • This gift is to you

   🇷🇺кому, для, в руки

3. Temporal limit: up to a point A2 formal

   Indicates a point in time that serves as the endpoint of a duration or action

   • The shop is open from 9 to 5
   • He worked to midnight
   • From beginning to end

   🇷🇺до, к, вплоть до

4. Range, limit, or ratio A2 formal

   Expresses a span between two points, values, or quantities, or a comparative ratio

   • The temperature rose from 10 to 25 degrees
   • The odds are 3 to 1
   • Scores ranged from 50 to 90

   🇷🇺до, к, в диапазоне от...до

5. Result, consequence, or outcome B1 formal

   Indicates that something leads to or results in a particular state, condition, or effect

   • His actions led to success
   • The argument escalated to a fight
   • This road leads to the highway

   🇷🇺к, в, до

6. Attachment, connection, or belonging B1 formal

   Shows a relationship of association, ownership, or logical connection between two entities

   • This is the key to the door
   • She found the answer to the question
   • He has a strong attachment to his hometown

   🇷🇺к, от, на

7. Purpose with gerund (phrasal verbs) B2 formal

   Used with certain verbs or expressions followed by a gerund to indicate purpose, anticipation, or orientation toward an action

   • I look forward to seeing you
   • She's committed to improving
   • He objected to paying the fee

   🇷🇺к, на, против

8. Accompaniment or synchronization B1 formal art

   Indicates that an action occurs in rhythm with, in response to, or alongside something else

   • They danced to the music
   • She sang to the guitar
   • He nodded to the beat

   🇷🇺под, в такт, вместе с

9. Comparison or opposition B2 formal

   Used to introduce the second element in a comparison or to express contrast between two entities

   • I prefer tea to coffee
   • The score was 2 to 1
   • Compared to last year, sales are up

   🇷🇺чем, к, по сравнению с

10. Limit of perception or extent C1 formal

    Indicates the degree, extent, or limit to which something is perceived, felt, or applicable

    • To my surprise, he agreed
    • The water came up to my knees
    • To a certain extent, I agree

    🇷🇺к, до, в степени