against

A preposition indicating opposition, physical contact, or contrast with a surface or an entity.

ruПредлог, выражающий противостояние, опору, касание или сравнениеesPreposición que expresa oposición, contacto, apoyo, comparación o contraste entre elementos.frPréposition exprimant l'opposition, l'appui, le contact ou la comparaison.dePräposition, die Gegenwehr, Widerstand, Stütze, Berührung oder Vergleich ausdrückt.ptPreposição que expressa oposição, apoio/encosto, contato, contraste ou comparação.zh介词，表示对抗、反对、倚靠、接触或对比。arحرف جر يدل على المعارضة أو الاستناد أو الملاصقة أو المقارنة.

1. In opposition to A2 formal

   Used to indicate physical or metaphorical resistance, disagreement, or competition with someone or something.

   • Public opinion is strongly against the new law.
   • He leaned his bicycle against the wall.
   • Our team will play against the champions next week.
   • This vaccine is effective against several strains of the virus.
   • She cautioned him against making hasty decisions.

   ruВ противостоянии с чем-либоesEn contra defrcontre (opposition)deGegen etwas oder jemandenptEm oposição a algo ou alguémzh反对；对抗arضدّ

2. In contact with a surface A2 informal

   Used to show that something touches or is supported by something else.

   • Raindrops were beating against the window.
   • She rested her head against his shoulder.
   • The ladder was placed against the tree trunk.
   • He pressed his nose against the cold glass.
   • A small boat bumped gently against the dock.

   ruВ контакте с поверхностьюesEn contacto con una superficiefrContre (contact avec une surface)deIn Kontakt mit einer OberflächeptEm contato com uma superfíciezh接触表面arملامسة سطح

3. With contrast to a background B1 formal

   Used to compare something with a different context or background.

   • The red leaves looked bright against the snow.
   • His remarks stand out against the usual corporate blandness.
   • The melody is more noticeable against the quiet strings.
   • Against the backdrop of poverty, her charity work was heroic.
   • The dark tower stood out against the evening sky.

   ruНа контрасте с фономesContraste con un fondofrpar rapport àdeIm Kontrast zum HintergrundptEm contraste com o fundozh与背景对比arعلى خلفية

4. As a protection or defense from B1 formal business

   Used to indicate safety measures or provisions that reduce harm from something.

   • The policy insures homeowners against flood damage.
   • This serum is a safeguard against snake venom.
   • He locked the documents away against theft.
   • They built a barrier against strong winds.
   • The company hedged its investments against inflation.

   ruВ качестве защиты от чего-либоescontra (protección frente a)frcontre (protection)deAls Schutz vor etwasptComo proteção contra algozh作为防护arللحماية من