against

• Предлог, выражающий противостояние, опору, касание или сравнение

A preposition indicating opposition, physical contact, or contrast with a surface or an entity.

1. In opposition toA2formal

   Used to indicate physical or metaphorical resistance, disagreement, or competition with someone or something.

   В противостоянии с чем-либо

   • Public opinion is strongly against the new law.
   • He leaned his bicycle against the wall.
   • Our team will play against the champions next week.
   • This vaccine is effective against several strains of the virus.
   • She cautioned him against making hasty decisions.

2. In contact with a surfaceA2informal

   Used to show that something touches or is supported by something else.

   В контакте с поверхностью

   • Raindrops were beating against the window.
   • She rested her head against his shoulder.
   • The ladder was placed against the tree trunk.
   • He pressed his nose against the cold glass.
   • A small boat bumped gently against the dock.

3. With contrast to a backgroundB1formal

   Used to compare something with a different context or background.

   На контрасте с фоном

   • The red leaves looked bright against the snow.
   • His remarks stand out against the usual corporate blandness.
   • The melody is more noticeable against the quiet strings.
   • Against the backdrop of poverty, her charity work was heroic.
   • The dark tower stood out against the evening sky.

4. As a protection or defense fromB1formalbusiness

   Used to indicate safety measures or provisions that reduce harm from something.

   В качестве защиты от чего-либо

   • The policy insures homeowners against flood damage.
   • This serum is a safeguard against snake venom.
   • He locked the documents away against theft.
   • They built a barrier against strong winds.
   • The company hedged its investments against inflation.