birch bark

• Écorce externe dure et imperméable du bouleau, historiquement utilisée par les peuples autochtones pour fabriquer des canoës, des récipients et comme support d'écriture.

The tough, waterproof outer bark of a birch tree, historically used by indigenous peoples for making canoes, containers, and as a writing material.

1. Tree bark materialB2formal

   The outer protective layer of a birch tree, often used historically for making canoes, containers, and writing material.

   écorce de bouleau

   • Native Americans used birch bark to construct lightweight canoes.
   • The ancient manuscript was written on sheets of birch bark.
   • Birch bark is naturally waterproof and durable.

2. Writing surfaceB2formal

   A traditional material used for writing or drawing, especially in ancient cultures.

   Écorce de bouleau (surface d'écriture)

   • The birch bark scrolls contained important historical records.
   • Children in some regions learned to write on birch bark.
   • The museum displayed a collection of birch bark letters from the 12th century.