ballast

A noun referring to heavy material used to stabilize a ship or airship, or coarse gravel used as a bed for roads and railroads; also used figuratively to describe something that provides stability in character or morals, and technically as a resistor or electrical device for regulating lamps.

ruСуществительное, обозначающее тяжелый материал, используемый для стабилизации корабля или дирижабля, или крупный гравий, используемый в качестве основания для дорог и железнодорожных путей; также используется в переносном смысле для описания того, что обеспечивает устойчивость характера или моральных принципов, и технически как резистор или электрическое устройство для регулировки ламп.esSustantivo que designa un material pesado usado para estabilizar un barco o globo, o grava gruesa empleada como base de carreteras y vías de ferrocarril; también se usa en sentido figurado para algo que da estabilidad al carácter o principios, y técnicamente como resistencia o dispositivo eléctrico que regula lámparas.frMatériau lourd utilisé pour stabiliser un navire ou un aérostat, ou gros gravier servant de fondation aux routes et voies ferrées ; s'emploie aussi au sens figuré pour ce qui assure la stabilité du caractère ou des principes moraux, et techniquement comme résistance ou dispositif électrique régulant les lampes.deSubstantiv, das einen schweren Stoff bezeichnet, der zur Stabilisierung eines Schiffes oder Luftschiffs dient, oder groben Kies, der als Unterbau für Straßen und Gleise verwendet wird; im übertragenen Sinn etwas, das Halt oder Stabilität verleiht, sowie technisch ein Widerstand oder elektrisches Bauteil zur Regelung von Lampen.ptSubstantivo que designa material pesado usado para estabilizar navios ou dirigíveis, ou cascalho grosso usado como base para estradas e ferrovias; também é usado em sentido figurado para descrever o que dá firmeza ao caráter ou aos princípios morais, e, tecnicamente, como resistor ou dispositivo elétrico para regular lâmpadas.zh指用于稳定船只或飞艇的heavy material，也指用作道路和铁路基底的碎石；比喻义指能使人性格或道德原则保持稳定的东西，技术上还指用于调节灯光的电阻器或电气装置。arاسم يدل على مادة ثقيلة تُستخدم لتثبيت السفينة أو المنطاد، أو حصى خشن يُفرش أساسًا للطرق والسكك الحديدية؛ ويُستعمل مجازًا للدلالة على ما يمنح الشخصية أو المبادئ ثباتًا واستقرارًا، وتقنيًا على مقاومة أو جهاز كهربائي يُنظّم التيار في المصابيح.

1. Stabilizing material for vessels B2 formal

   Heavy material, such as water, sand, or iron, placed in a ship's hold or an airship to improve stability and control buoyancy.

   • The ship took on ballast to maintain its balance in the rough sea.
   • The airship released some ballast to ascend higher.
   • Engineers calculated the exact amount of ballast needed for the vessel.

   ruБалластeslastre para embarcacionesfrLest (pour navire ou aéronef)deBallastptLastrozh压舱物arثقل الموازنة

   Sinônimos: counterbalancecounterweightstabilizer

2. Railroad or road bed material B2 formal

   Coarse gravel or crushed stone laid down to form a stable foundation for railroad tracks or roads.

   • Workers spread ballast evenly along the railway line.
   • The road construction crew used crushed rock as ballast.
   • Proper ballast is essential for track alignment and drainage.

   ruБалласт (железнодорожный/дорожный)esBalasto (para vías férreas o carreteras)frBallast (assise de voie)deBettung (Gleis-/Straßenbau)ptLastro (ferroviário/rodoviário)zh道砟（铁路/道路）arالبَلاسْت (حصى السكة الحديدية/الطرق)

3. Stabilizing influence on character C1 formal

   Something that provides stability, steadiness, or moral grounding to a person's character or emotions.

   • Her strong principles served as ballast during difficult times.
   • His sense of humor was a ballast against the stress of work.
   • The family traditions provided emotional ballast for the children.

   ruСтабилизирующее влияниеesLastre moral / estabilizador del carácterfrInfluence stabilisatricedeStabilisierender EinflussptInfluência estabilizadorazh稳定作用arعامل استقرار

   Sinônimos: anchorbalancecounterbalancefoundationgroundingstabilitysteadinesssupport

4. Electrical resistor C1 formal

   A resistor used in an electrical circuit to compensate for changes, such as those caused by temperature fluctuations.

   • The technician replaced the ballast in the circuit to stabilize the current.
   • A ballast resistor is often used in older ignition systems.
   • Temperature changes can affect the performance of a ballast.

   ruЭлектрический балластesBalasto eléctricofrBallast électriquedeElektrischer BallastptResistor de lastrozh镇流电阻器arمقاومة الصابورة الكهربائية

   Sinônimos: ballast resistor

5. Device for fluorescent lamps B2 formal

   An electrical device that regulates the current in a fluorescent or discharge lamp, providing the necessary starting voltage and limiting current during operation.

   • The fluorescent light flickered because the ballast was failing.
   • He replaced the old ballast with a new electronic one.
   • A faulty ballast can cause the lamp to hum or not start.

   ruБалластesBalasto para lámparas fluorescentesfrBallast pour lampes fluorescentesdeVorschaltgerätptReatorzh镇流器arكابح التيار الكهربائي للمصباح

   Sinônimos: chokereactor

• ballasts plural form
• ballasts' possessive plural form
• ballast's possessive singular form

A verb meaning to provide stability or weight to a structure, vehicle, or vessel, typically by adding heavy material.

ruГлагол, означающий обеспечение устойчивости или веса конструкции, транспортного средства или судна, обычно путем добавления тяжелого материала.esVerbo que significa proporcionar estabilidad o peso a una estructura, vehículo o embarcación, generalmente añadiendo material pesado; también puede significar estabilizar o equilibrar algo.frVerbe signifiant assurer la stabilité ou le poids d'une structure, d'un véhicule ou d'un navire, généralement en ajoutant un matériau lourd.deVerb, das bedeutet, einem Fahrzeug, Schiff oder einer Konstruktion durch das Hinzufügen von schwerem Material Stabilität oder Gewicht zu verleihen. Es kann auch allgemeiner das Beschweren oder Ausgleichen bezeichnen.ptVerbo que significa prover estabilidade ou peso a uma estrutura, veículo ou embarcação, geralmente adicionando material pesado; também significa lastrar ou colocar lastro.zh动词，指通过添加重物使结构、车辆或船只保持稳定或增加重量。arفعل يعني تزويد السفينة أو المركبة أو المنشأة بثقل أو مادة ثقيلة لتحقيق الاتزان أو الاستقرار أو زيادة الوزن.

1. Stabilize a vessel B2 formal

   To provide a ship or airship with heavy material to improve stability and control.

   • The crew ballasted the ship with sandbags before the storm.
   • They ballasted the airship to maintain altitude.
   • The captain ordered the crew to ballast the vessel properly.

   ruБалластироватьeslastrarfrLester un naviredeBallast aufnehmenptLastrarzh压载arثقل السفينة

   Sinônimos: balancecounterbalancesteady

   Antônimos: destabilizeunsettle

2. Provide stability or steadiness C1 formal

   To give something a steadying influence, whether physical, emotional, or structural.

   • Her calm demeanor ballasted the team during the crisis.
   • The new regulations ballasted the financial system against shocks.
   • His experience ballasted the young entrepreneur's risky ideas.

   ruОбеспечивать устойчивостьesdar estabilidadfrStabiliserdeStabilität verleihenptDar estabilidadezh提供稳定性arتوفير الثبات

   Sinônimos: anchorbalancecounterbalancesecuresteadysupport

   Antônimos: destabilizedisruptunsettleupset

3. Fill with gravel B2 formal

   To lay or fill a bed with coarse gravel, especially for a railroad or road.

   • The workers ballasted the railway track with crushed stone.
   • They ballasted the roadbed to ensure proper drainage.
   • The construction crew ballasted the foundation with gravel.

   ruЗасыпать гравиемeslastrar con balastofrBallaster (voie ferrée, route)deMit Kies beschüttenptLastrar com cascalhozh铺碎石arرصف بالحصى

   Sinônimos: gravel

• ballasted past participle
• ballasted past simple
• ballasting present participle
• ballasts third person singular