turf

A noun referring to the surface layer of ground with grass and roots, or metaphorically to a territory or area of influence claimed by a group or individual.

ruСуществительное, обозначающее верхний слой почвы с травой и корнями, или в переносном смысле — территорию или сферу влияния, на которую претендует группа или индивидуум.esSustantivo que designa la capa superior del suelo cubierta de hierba y raíces, o en sentido figurado, el territorio o ámbito de influencia que un grupo o individuo reivindica como propio.frSubstantif désignant la couche superficielle du sol recouverte d'herbe et de racines, ou, au sens figuré, un territoire ou un domaine d'influence revendiqué par un groupe ou un individu.deOberste Erdschicht mit Gras und Wurzeln; bildlich auch das Gebiet oder der Einflussbereich, auf den eine Gruppe oder Person Anspruch erhebt.ptSubstantivo que designa a camada superficial do solo coberta de grama e raízes; em sentido figurado, o território ou a esfera de influência reivindicada por um grupo ou indivíduo.zh指带有草和草根的土壤表层，即草皮；也引申指某一群体或个人声称拥有的地盘或势力范围。arاسم يدل على الطبقة العليا من التربة المغطاة بالعشب والجذور، ويُستعمل مجازًا للدلالة على منطقة نفوذ أو مجال يطالب به شخص أو جماعة.

1. Grass-covered ground B1 formal

   The upper layer of soil that is held together by the roots of grass, often used for lawns or sports fields.

   • The gardener laid new turf in the backyard.
   • The football players ran across the lush green turf.
   • They replaced the old turf with artificial grass.

   ruДернesCéspedfrgazondeGrünflächeptGramazh草皮arالمسطح الأخضر

   Sinônimos: grassgreenswardlawnsodsward

2. Gang territory B2 informal american

   An area claimed by a youth gang as its own, often defended against rival groups.

   • The gang members were protective of their turf.
   • Fights often broke out over disputes about turf.
   • He was warned not to walk through that gang's turf.

   ruТерритория бандыesTerritorio de pandillafrterritoire de gangdeRevier einer GangptTerritório de ganguezh帮派地盘arأرض العصابة

   Sinônimos: areahoodmanorpatchterritoryzone

3. Area of influence B2 informal

   A sphere of activity, interest, or control that someone considers their own.

   • The manager felt that the new employee was encroaching on his turf.
   • As a senior reporter, she guarded her turf fiercely.
   • The two companies are competing for the same market turf.

   ruСфера влиянияesTerritorio de influenciafrDomaine réservédeEinflussbereichptÁrea de influênciazh势力范围arمنطقة نفوذ

   Sinônimos: arenabailiwickdomainfieldpatchprovincespherestamping groundterritory

• turfs plural form
• turves plural form
• turfs' possessive plural form
• turves' possessive plural form
• turf's possessive singular form

A verb used to indicate the act of throwing someone or something out or removing them forcefully, often from a place or position.

ruГлагол, используемый для обозначения действия по выбрасыванию кого-либо или чего-либо или принудительному удалению, часто из места или с должности.esVerbo que significa expulsar o despedir a alguien o algo, a menudo de un lugar o puesto, frecuentemente de manera forzada o brusca; también puede referirse a deshacerse de algo arrojándolo.frVerbe utilisé pour désigner l'action de jeter ou d'expulser quelqu'un ou quelque chose, souvent d'un lieu ou d'un poste, de manière brutale ou forcée.deUmgangssprachliches Verb, das bedeutet, jemanden oder etwas hinauszuwerfen, gewaltsam zu entfernen oder aus einem Ort oder einer Position zu verdrängen.ptVerbo usado para indicar a ação de expulsar alguém ou algo, ou remover à força, muitas vezes de um lugar ou cargo.zh动词，指把某人或某物强行赶走、抛出或免职，常表示从某地或某职位上强制移除。arفعل يُستخدم للإشارة إلى طرد شخص ما أو شيء ما أو إزالته قسراً، غالباً من مكان أو منصب.

1. Cover with grass B2 formal

   To cover an area of ground with a layer of grass and its roots, typically in the form of turf rolls.

   • The gardener turfed the entire backyard in one afternoon.
   • They decided to turf the lawn instead of planting seeds.
   • The new park was turfed with a special drought-resistant grass.

   ruЗастелить дёрномescubrir con céspedfrgazonnerdeMit Rasen bedeckenptCobrir com gramazh铺草皮arتغطية الأرض بالعشب

   Sinônimos: grasssod

   Antônimos: bareexposestripuncover

• turfed past participle
• turfed past simple
• turfing present participle
• turfs third person singular

Variantes phrasal: turf out