um

A very common interjection used as a hesitation marker or filler word in speech. It indicates that the speaker is pausing to think, searching for words, or is uncertain about what to say next. It is functionally similar to 'uh' but often perceived as slightly more prolonged or contemplative.

• 🇵🇹Interjeição usada para marcar pausa, hesitação, dúvida ou reflexão na fala, ou para preencher o silêncio enquanto se pensa no que dizer.

1. Hesitation marker while formulating thoughts A1 informal

   Used to hold the floor in conversation while the speaker thinks of the next word or idea. It signals that the turn is not yet complete and prevents interruption.

   • I’d like, um, a coffee please.
   • Um, let me see... I think it was blue.
   • The meeting is on, um, Thursday.

   🇵🇹Marcador de hesitação ao formular pensamentos

2. Expression of uncertainty or doubt A2 informal

   Used when the speaker is unsure of a fact, answer, or decision. It often precedes a tentative statement or indicates a lack of confidence in the information being provided.

   • Um, I’m not sure if I can come.
   • Is this, um, the right address?
   • Um, maybe we should wait.

   🇵🇹Expressão de incerteza ou dúvida

3. Signal of awkwardness or reluctance B1 informal

   Used to indicate discomfort, embarrassment, or reluctance to speak on a particular topic. It can soften a refusal or a difficult statement.

   • Um, actually, I don't agree with that.
   • Um, could you possibly help me?
   • So, um, about that money you owe me...

   🇵🇹Sinal de constrangimento ou relutância