abstract

• Относящийся к идеям или качествам, а не к физическим объектам или конкретным вещам; теоретический или концептуальный.

Relating to ideas or qualities rather than physical objects or concrete things; theoretical or conceptual.

1. Theoretical or conceptualB2formal

   Relating to ideas or concepts rather than physical objects or concrete reality.

   Абстрактный

   • The philosopher discussed abstract concepts like justice and freedom.
   • Mathematics deals with abstract numbers and equations.
   • She prefers abstract thinking over practical applications.

   Синонимыacademicconceptualhypotheticalidealintellectualnotionalspeculativetheoretical

   Антонимыactualconcretepracticalrealspecific

2. Art styleB1formal

   Relating to art that does not attempt to represent external reality but uses shapes, colors, and forms.

   Абстрактный

   • The gallery featured an exhibition of abstract paintings.
   • He created an abstract sculpture from metal and glass.
   • Abstract art often leaves interpretation to the viewer.

   Синонимыnonfigurativenonobjectivenonrepresentational

   Антонимыconcretefigurativerealisticrepresentational

3. Not concrete or specificB2formal

   Existing in thought or as an idea but not having a physical or concrete existence.

   Абстрактный

   • Love is an abstract emotion that is hard to define.
   • The concept of time is highly abstract.
   • We need to move from abstract ideas to a concrete plan.

   Синонимыconceptualidealimmaterialintangibleintellectualmetaphysicalnotionaltheoreticaltranscendent

   Антонимыactualconcretematerialphysicalrealspecific

• Существительное, обозначающее краткое изложение или сжатое изложение основных положений документа, статьи или речи, или понятие, существующее в мысли, а не как конкретный объект.

A noun referring to a summary or concise statement of the main points of a document, article, or speech, or a concept that exists in thought rather than as a concrete object.

1. Summary of a documentB2formal

   A brief summary of a book, article, or speech, highlighting the main points.

   Аннотация

   • The abstract of the research paper was published in the journal.
   • She read the abstract to decide if the article was relevant.
   • The conference requires an abstract of no more than 250 words.

   Синонимыdigestoutlineoverviewrecapsummarysynopsis

2. Abstract art pieceB2formalart

   A work of art that does not attempt to represent external reality, but uses shapes, colors, and forms to achieve its effect.

   Абстрактная работа

   • The gallery displayed a large abstract by a modern artist.
   • He prefers abstracts over realistic paintings.
   • Her latest abstract uses bold colors and geometric shapes.

   Синонимыabstraction

• Глагол, используемый для обозначения действия по извлечению, удалению или обобщению основного содержания из чего-либо, или рассмотрения чего-либо теоретическим или концептуальным образом.

A verb used to indicate the act of extracting, removing, or summarizing the essential content from something, or considering something in a theoretical or conceptual way.

1. Extract or removeB2formal

   To take out or remove something from a larger whole.

   Извлечь

   • The researcher abstracted key data from the report.
   • They abstracted the essential information from the document.
   • The chemist abstracted the compound from the solution.

   Синонимыdetachextractisolatepull outremoveseparatetake outwithdraw

   Антонимыaddincludeincorporateinsertintroduce

2. Consider theoreticallyC1formal

   To consider something in a theoretical or conceptual way, separate from concrete reality.

   Абстрагировать

   • Philosophers often abstract ideas from everyday experiences.
   • The artist abstracted the essence of the landscape in her painting.
   • He abstracted the concept of justice from various legal systems.

   Синонимыformulategeneralizeidealize

   Антонимыapplyconcretizeimplementinstantiaterealize