interdependency

• Существительное, обозначающее взаимные или обоюдные отношения между двумя или более сущностями, объектами, лицами или группами, где каждый зависит от других.

A noun referring to a mutual or reciprocal relationship between two or more entities, objects, individuals, or groups, where each depends on the others.

1. Mutual relianceC1formal

   A situation where two or more entities rely on each other for success or survival, creating a reciprocal connection.

   Взаимозависимость

   • The global economy is characterized by the interdependency of nations through trade.
   • Ecosystems rely on the interdependency between plants, animals, and microorganisms.
   • In a healthy relationship, interdependency strengthens trust rather than creating weakness.

   Синонимыinterconnectednessinterdependenceinterrelationshipmutualityreciprocity

   Антонимыautonomyindependenceself-sufficiency

2. Ecological interdependencyC1formalscientific

   The way different species or natural systems depend on each other for resources, pollination, or habitat stability.

   Экологическая взаимозависимость

   • The interdependency of bees and flowering plants is essential for biodiversity.
   • Forests demonstrate interdependency through nutrient cycles shared by trees and soil organisms.
   • Coral reefs exhibit high interdependency between fish, algae, and the reef structure itself.

   Синонимыinterconnectednessinterdependencemutualismsymbiosis

   Антонимыautonomyindependenceself-sufficiency

3. Economic interdependencyC1formalbusiness

   The condition in which businesses, industries, or national economies are linked through supply chains, markets, or finance.

   Экономическая взаимозависимость

   • Supply chain interdependency means a factory delay in one country can cause shortages worldwide.
   • The interdependency between banks and tech companies grew with digital payment systems.
   • Trade agreements aim to manage the risks of economic interdependency between partners.

   Синонимыinterconnectednessinterdependenceinterrelationlinkage

   Антонимыautarkyindependenceisolationismself-sufficiency