punitive

Relating to punishment or the infliction of a penalty, often used in legal contexts.

ruОтносящийся к наказанию или наложению взыскания, часто используемый в юридическом контексте.esRelativo al castigo o a la imposición de una sanción, usado a menudo en contextos legales; que tiene carácter de penalización o represalia.frQui vise à punir ou à infliger une sanction, utilisé notamment en droit ou pour qualifier une mesure répressive.deSich auf Strafe oder Bestrafung beziehend, oft im rechtlichen oder finanziellen Kontext verwendet.ptRelativo a punição ou à aplicação de uma penalidade; frequentemente usado em contexto jurídico para descrever medidas, ações ou danos que visam punir.zh指与惩罚、处罚或施加制裁有关的，常用于法律或正式语境中。arصفة تتعلق بالعقاب أو توقيع الجزاء، وتُستخدم غالباً في السياق القانوني أو المالي للدلالة على ما يهدف إلى المعاقبة أو الزجر.

1. Relating to punishment C1 formal

   Inflicting or intended as punishment.

   • The court imposed punitive damages on the company.
   • Punitive measures were taken against the offenders.
   • The new law includes punitive clauses for repeat violations.

   ruКарательныйesPunitivofrpunitifdeStraf-ptPunitivozh惩罚性的arعقابي

   Синонимы: correctionaldisciplinarypenalpunitoryretributive

   Антонимы: beneficialforgivinglenientmercifulrewarding

2. Severely harsh or burdensome C1 formal

   Extremely severe or harsh, often in a way that seems unfair.

   • The punitive interest rates made the loan unaffordable.
   • The government faced criticism for its punitive tax policies.
   • The contract included punitive penalties for late delivery.

   ruЧрезмерно суровыйesSeveramente severo o gravosofrExcessivement sévère ou accablantdeÜbermäßig hartptPunitivozh苛刻严厉的arقاسٍ بشكل مفرط

   Синонимы: burdensomecrushingdraconianexcessiveharshoppressivepunishingsevere

   Антонимы: forgivinggentleindulgentlenientmercifulmildtolerant

• more punitive comparative form
• most punitive superlative form