punitive

• 指与惩罚、处罚或施加制裁有关的，常用于法律或正式语境中。

Relating to punishment or the infliction of a penalty, often used in legal contexts.

1. Relating to punishmentC1formal

   Inflicting or intended as punishment.

   惩罚性的

   • The court imposed punitive damages on the company.
   • Punitive measures were taken against the offenders.
   • The new law includes punitive clauses for repeat violations.

   同义词correctionaldisciplinarypenalpunitoryretributive

   反义词beneficialforgivinglenientmercifulrewarding

2. Severely harsh or burdensomeC1formal

   Extremely severe or harsh, often in a way that seems unfair.

   苛刻严厉的

   • The punitive interest rates made the loan unaffordable.
   • The government faced criticism for its punitive tax policies.
   • The contract included punitive penalties for late delivery.

   同义词burdensomecrushingdraconianexcessiveharshoppressivepunishingsevere

   反义词forgivinggentleindulgentlenientmercifulmildtolerant