stuffiness

• Существительное, обозначающее качество или состояние духоты, которое может описывать заложенность носа, плохую вентиляцию в помещении или напыщенную и чрезмерно официальную манеру поведения.

A noun referring to the quality or state of being stuffy, which can describe nasal congestion, poor ventilation in a space, or a pompous and overly formal manner.

неисчисляемое

1. Nasal congestionB1formalmedical

   The state of having a blocked or obstructed nose or throat, often due to a cold or allergy.

   Заложенность носа

   • The stuffiness in her nose made it hard to breathe.
   • He took medication to relieve the stuffiness from his allergies.
   • The cold caused a feeling of stuffiness in his sinuses.

   Синонимыblockagecongestionobstruction

2. Poor ventilationB1formal

   The quality of being uncomfortably warm, close, and lacking fresh air.

   Духота

   • The stuffiness of the room made everyone feel drowsy.
   • Opening the window helped reduce the stuffiness in the office.
   • The basement had a persistent stuffiness due to poor airflow.

   Синонимыclosenessmugginessoppressivenessstalenesssultriness

   Антонимыairinessfreshnessventilation

3. Excessive formalityC1formal

   A dull, pompous, and overly serious manner or atmosphere.

   Чопорность

   • The stuffiness of the ceremony made the guests uncomfortable.
   • His speech was full of stuffiness and lacked any humor.
   • The board meeting was marked by an air of stuffiness and formality.

   Синонимыformalitypompositypompousnesspriggishnessprimnessstiffnessstodginess

   Антонимыcasualnesseaseinformalitynaturalnessspontaneity