civil

Relating to ordinary citizens and their concerns, as distinct from military or ecclesiastical matters; also used in legal contexts to describe non-criminal law.

ruОтносящийся к обычным гражданам и их делам, в отличие от военных или церковных вопросов; также используется в юридическом контексте для описания неуголовного права.esRelativo a los ciudadanos comunes y a sus asuntos, en contraste con lo militar o eclesiástico; también se usa en el ámbito jurídico para referirse al derecho no penal.frRelatif aux citoyens ordinaires et à leurs affaires, par opposition aux questions militaires ou religieuses ; également utilisé dans un contexte juridique pour désigner le droit non pénal.deBezieht sich auf gewöhnliche Bürger und ihre Angelegenheiten, im Gegensatz zu militärischen oder kirchlichen Belangen; auch im juristischen Sinne für nicht-strafrechtliche Angelegenheiten verwendet.ptRelativo a cidadãos comuns e seus assuntos, em oposição a questões militares ou religiosas; também usado no contexto jurídico para se referir ao direito não penal.zh指与普通公民及其事务相关的，区别于军事或宗教事务；在法律语境中，也用于描述非刑事的民事法律。arصفة تتعلق بالمواطنين العاديين وشؤونهم المدنية، لا بالشؤون العسكرية أو الدينية؛ وتُستخدم أيضاً في السياق القانوني للدلالة على القانون غير الجنائي.

1. Relating to citizens B2 formal

   Concerning the ordinary people of a country, as opposed to military or religious matters.

   • Civil rights are protected by law.
   • The country experienced a civil war.
   • He works in the civil service.

   ruГражданскийescivil (relativo a los ciudadanos)frcivil (relatif aux citoyens)debürgerlichptCivilzh公民的arمدني

   同义词: civiccivilianmunicipalpublic

   反义词: ecclesiasticalmilitary

2. Polite and courteous B1 formal

   Behaving in a polite, reasonable, and respectful way.

   • They had a civil conversation despite their differences.
   • Please try to be civil to your guests.
   • He gave a civil reply to the criticism.

   ruВежливый и учтивыйesCivil (cortés)frcourtois, polideHöflich und zuvorkommendptEducado e cortêszh礼貌且彬彬有礼arمؤدب ولطيف

   同义词: consideratecourteousdecorousgraciousmannerlypoliterespectful

   反义词: discourteousdisrespectfulimpoliterudeunciviluncouth

3. Relating to law B2 formal

   Concerning legal matters between individuals or organizations, not criminal.

   • She filed a civil lawsuit against the company.
   • The case is being heard in a civil court.
   • Civil law deals with disputes between private parties.

   ruГражданскийescivil (derecho)frDroit civildeZivilrechtlichptCivilzh民事的arمدني

   同义词: private

   反义词: criminal

• more civil comparative form
• most civil superlative form