humanism

• 一种哲学和伦理立场，强调个人和集体的人的价值与自主性，通常主张批判性思维和证据而非教条或迷信。它认为人类的职责是促进人类福祉，强调人通过理性实现自我，否定宗教与超自然，并与基于古典学术研究的文艺复兴文化运动相关。

A philosophical and ethical stance that emphasizes the value and agency of human beings, individually and collectively, and generally prefers critical thinking and evidence over acceptance of dogma or superstition. It includes the doctrine that people's duty is to promote human welfare, emphasizes a person's capacity for self-realization through reason while rejecting religion and the supernatural, and is also associated with the cultural movement of the Renaissance based on classical studies.

不可数

1. Doctrine of human welfareC1formalpolitical

   The belief that a person's primary moral obligation is to promote the well-being and happiness of all people.

   人道主义

   • Humanism asserts that improving human welfare is the highest ethical goal.
   • Many philosophers argue that humanism provides a secular basis for morality.
   • The charity's work is grounded in humanism, focusing on education and health.

   同义词altruismbenevolencehumanitarianismphilanthropy

2. Secular self-realization philosophyC1formal

   An intellectual stance that emphasizes human reason, ethics, and personal fulfillment, often rejecting religious or supernatural explanations.

   世俗人文主义

   • Humanism encourages individuals to realize their potential through reason and compassion.
   • The Renaissance humanists placed human dignity and achievement at the center of their worldview.
   • Modern secular humanism promotes critical thinking and scientific inquiry as guides for life.

   同义词rationalismsecular humanismsecularism

3. Renaissance cultural movementC1formalart

   The revival of classical learning and values that flourished in Europe from the 14th to the 16th centuries, focusing on literature, history, and moral philosophy.

   文艺复兴时期的文化运动

   • Petrarch is often called the father of Renaissance humanism.
   • Humanism inspired artists and writers to study ancient Greek and Roman texts.
   • The humanist movement stressed the importance of education in the humanities.

   反义词scholasticism