rarified

• 形容事物高雅、精炼或曲高和寡；也指稀薄、纯净的空气，或仅限少数精英参与的社会或知识圈子。

Describes something that is elevated, refined, or exclusive; often used to refer to intellectual or social circles that are highly selective.

1. C1formal

   Having low density, especially of air or atmosphere.

   稀薄的

   • The air at high altitudes is rarified and difficult to breathe.
   • Mountaineers must adapt to the rarified atmosphere of the peaks.
   • The rarified air in the desert made the heat feel even more intense.

   同义词lightraresubtletenuousthin

   反义词densethick

2. Elevated or exclusiveC1formal

   Of high moral or intellectual value; elevated in nature or style; belonging to a select or exclusive group.

   高雅或排他的

   • The discussion moved into rarified philosophical territory.
   • He moved in rarified circles of academia and high finance.
   • Her taste in art was considered too rarified for the general public.

   同义词elevatedesotericetherealexaltedexclusivehigh-mindedloftynoblerefinedselect

   反义词commonordinaryplebeianpopularvulgar

• 使某物变得稀少、稀疏或密度降低；使某物的数量或分布减少，变得不那么常见。

An obsolete verb meaning to make rare, thin, or less dense; to rarefy.

1. Make more complex or refinedC2formal

   To make something more intricate, sophisticated, or refined in nature.

   使复杂或精细

   • The author sought to rarify the plot with subtle symbolism.
   • His arguments were designed to rarify the philosophical debate.
   • The artist's later works rarify the themes of his earlier period.

   同义词cultivateelaboratepolishrefinesophisticate

   反义词coarsensimplify