polish

• 形容物体表面光滑、有光泽，或形容人的举止文雅、有教养、精致。

Describes something that is smooth, shiny, and refined in appearance or manner.

1. A1formal

   Of or relating to Poland, its people, or its language.

   波兰的

   • She speaks Polish fluently.
   • Polish cuisine includes pierogi and kielbasa.
   • He is a Polish citizen living in London.

• 名词，指用来使表面光滑明亮的物质，也指使某物变得光滑明亮的过程或效果。

A noun referring to a substance used to make a surface smooth and shiny, or the act of making something smooth and shiny.

1. Shine or glossA2formal

   A substance used to make a surface smooth and shiny.

   抛光剂

   • She applied shoe polish to make them shine.
   • The car needs a good polish after the wash.
   • He used furniture polish to restore the table's finish.

   同义词buffglosslacquerlustersheenshinevarnishwax

2. Refinement or eleganceB2formal

   The quality of being elegant, sophisticated, or refined.

   优雅

   • Her writing has a certain polish that makes it enjoyable to read.
   • The performance lacked polish but showed great potential.
   • He added a final polish to his presentation before the meeting.

   同义词classcultivationelegancefinessegracerefinementsophisticationstylesuavenessurbanity

   反义词awkwardnessclumsinesscoarsenesscrudenessineleganceroughnessuncouthnessvulgarity

• 通过摩擦使物体表面变得光滑、光亮的动作；也指改进、完善某事物，使其达到更高标准。

A verb used to indicate the act of making something smooth and shiny by rubbing, or improving and refining something to a high standard.

1. Make smooth and shinyA2formal

   To make a surface smooth and shiny by rubbing it.

   抛光

   • She polished her silverware until it gleamed.
   • He polished the car's hood with a soft cloth.
   • The jeweler polished the diamond to perfection.

   同义词buffburnishfurbishglossshinesmooth

   反义词abradedullroughenscratchtarnish

2. Improve or refineB2formal

   To improve something by making small changes, making it more elegant or effective.

   改进

   • The author polished the manuscript before sending it to the publisher.
   • She polished her presentation skills through practice.
   • We need to polish the final draft of the report.

   同义词bettercultivateenhancehoneimproveperfectrefinesharpensmoothupgrade

   反义词botchbungledegrademarruinspoilworsen

短语动词变体polish offpolish up