referee

A noun referring to an official who oversees a game or match to ensure rules are followed, or a person who evaluates manuscripts or legal cases.

ruСуществительное, обозначающее официальное лицо, которое наблюдает за игрой или матчем, чтобы обеспечить соблюдение правил, или человека, который оценивает рукописи или судебные дела.esSustantivo que designa a un oficial que supervisa un juego o partido para hacer cumplir las reglas, o a una persona que evalúa manuscritos o casos legales.frPersonne officielle qui veille à l'application des règles lors d'un match ou d'une compétition, ou personne chargée d'évaluer des manuscrits ou de trancher des litiges.deSubstantiv, das eine offizielle Person bezeichnet, die ein Spiel oder einen Wettkampf leitet und die Einhaltung der Regeln überwacht, oder eine Person, die Manuskripte oder Gerichtsverfahren begutachtet.ptSubstantivo que designa o oficial encarregado de dirigir uma partida ou jogo, garantindo o cumprimento das regras, ou a pessoa que avalia manuscritos ou processos judiciais.zh名词，指在体育比赛中监督比赛、确保规则得到遵守的官员；也指审阅稿件或裁决争议的人。arاسم يشير إلى شخص رسمي يراقب المباريات أو الألعاب لضمان تطبيق القواعد، أو شخص يقيّم المخطوطات أو القضايا القضائية.

1. Sports official A2 formal sport

   The chief official in sports such as boxing, American football, or soccer who ensures fair play and enforces the rules.

   • The referee blew the whistle to stop the game.
   • The boxer was warned by the referee for a low blow.
   • The referee's decision was final and not disputed.

   ruСпортивный судьяesÁrbitro deportivofrArbitre principaldeSportlicher SchiedsrichterptÁrbitro esportivozh体育裁判arحكم رياضي

   同义词: arbiterjudgeofficialumpire

2. Manuscript reviewer B2 formal

   A person who reads and evaluates manuscripts or articles to judge their suitability for publication.

   • The journal sent the paper to a referee for review.
   • The referee recommended revisions before publication.
   • She works as a referee for several academic journals.

   ruРецензентesRevisor de manuscritosfrÉvaluateur de manuscritsdeGutachterptRevisor de manuscritoszh审稿人arمُراجِع المخطوطات

   同义词: assessorcriticevaluatorreaderreviewer

3. Court-appointed attorney C1 formal legal

   An attorney appointed by a court to investigate a case and report their findings.

   • The court appointed a referee to examine the financial records.
   • The referee submitted a detailed report to the judge.
   • The referee's investigation helped clarify the legal dispute.

   ruСудебный уполномоченныйesÁrbitro designado por el tribunalfrenquêteur commis par le tribunaldeGerichtlich bestellter AnwaltptPerito judicialzh法院指定律师arمحقق قضائي معيّن

   同义词: master

• referees plural form
• referees' possessive plural form
• referee's possessive singular form

A verb meaning to act as an official who enforces the rules in a sports game or competition.

ruГлагол, означающий выступать в роли официального лица, следящего за соблюдением правил в спортивной игре или соревновании.esVerbo que significa actuar como oficial que vela por el cumplimiento de las reglas en un juego o deporte, o arbitrar una disputa o competencia.frVerbe signifiant agir comme arbitre ou officiel chargé de faire respecter les règles dans un jeu sportif ou une compétition.deVerb, das bedeutet, als offizieller Schiedsrichter die Einhaltung der Regeln in einem Sportspiel oder Wettkampf zu überwachen und Entscheidungen zu treffen.ptVerbo que significa atuar como autoridade oficial responsável por fazer cumprir as regras em um jogo ou competição esportiva.zh动词，指在体育比赛或竞赛中担任裁判，负责监督规则的遵守并作出裁决。arفعل يعني القيام بدور الحكم الرسمي الذي يراقب تطبيق القواعد في لعبة رياضية أو منافسة.

1. Officiate a game B1 formal sport

   To act as a referee or umpire in a sports competition, ensuring rules are followed.

   • He refereed the football match last Saturday.
   • She has been refereeing basketball games for over ten years.
   • The official was chosen to referee the championship final.

   ruСудитьesActuar como árbitrofrarbitrerdeSchiedsrichter seinptApitarzh裁判arالحكم في المباراة

   同义词: adjudicatearbitratejudgeofficiateumpire

2. Evaluate professional work B2 formal

   To assess or review a colleague's work, typically in an academic or professional context.

   • She was asked to referee a paper for a scientific journal.
   • He regularly referees grant applications for the research council.
   • The professor refereed the manuscript before publication.

   ruРецензироватьesEvaluar trabajo profesionalfrévaluer un travail professionneldeBegutachtenptAvaliar trabalho profissionalzh评审arيُراجِع العمل العلمي

   同义词: appraiseassessevaluatejudgepeer reviewreviewvet

• refereed past participle
• refereed past simple
• refereeing present participle
• referees third person singular