subsistence

• 名词，指维持生存所需的最低限度资源或生活手段，常暗示仅能勉强糊口的基本或边缘化的生存状态。

A noun referring to the state of having the minimal resources necessary for survival, or a means of maintaining life, often implying a basic or marginal level of existence.

不可数

1. Minimal resources for survivalB2formal

   The minimum amount of food, money, or other resources needed to stay alive.

   最低生存资源

   • Many families in the region live at a subsistence level.
   • The farmers rely on subsistence agriculture to feed themselves.
   • They earned barely enough for subsistence.

   同义词existencelivelihoodlivingsupportsurvivalsustenanceupkeep

   反义词abundanceluxuryplentysurpluswealth

2. A means of survivingB2formal

   A method or way of maintaining life, often through basic activities like farming or hunting.

   生计

   • Hunting and gathering were their primary means of subsistence.
   • The community depends on fishing for its subsistence.
   • They developed new techniques for subsistence in harsh climates.

   同义词keeplivelihoodlivingmaintenancesupportsustenance

3. State of existing in realityC1formal

   The condition of having actual existence or substance; being real.

   存在

   • The philosopher argued about the subsistence of abstract ideas.
   • The theory questions the subsistence of matter independent of perception.
   • They debated the subsistence of the soul after death.

   同义词actualityexistencerealitysubstance