substantive

• 描述某事物重要、有意义或具有坚实现实基础；也指实质性的、根本性的内容，而非表面或形式上的。

Describes something that is important, meaningful, or having a solid basis in reality.

1. Important and meaningfulB2formal

   Having a solid basis in reality, making it significant, meaningful, or considerable.

   实质性的

   • The report provided substantive evidence for the claim.
   • We need a substantive discussion about the budget.
   • Her contribution to the project was substantive and valuable.

   同义词actualconsiderablematerialmeaningfulrealsignificantweighty

   反义词emptyhollowinconsequentialinsignificantinsubstantialmeaninglesssuperficialtrivialunimportant

2. Legal rights and dutiesC1formallegal

   Relating to the part of law that defines rights and duties, as opposed to procedural rules.

   实体法的

   • The judge focused on substantive law rather than procedural technicalities.
   • Substantive rights are protected by the constitution.
   • This case involves a substantive legal question.

   同义词essentialmaterial

   反义词adjectiveprocedural

3. Relevant and thought-provokingB2formal

   Being on topic and encouraging thoughtful consideration.

   实质性的

   • The article raised several substantive points about climate change.
   • We had a substantive conversation about the future of education.
   • His questions were substantive and led to a deeper analysis.

   同义词consequentialdeepmeaningfulmeatypertinentprofoundrelevantsignificantthought-provokingweighty

   反义词insignificantirrelevantsuperficialtrivial

• 名词，指在句子中起名词作用的任何词或词组，表示人、地点、事物或概念。也指实词（与虚词相对），即具有实际意义的名词、动词、形容词等。

A noun referring to any word or group of words that functions as a noun in a sentence, representing a person, place, thing, or idea.

1. Noun or noun phraseC1formal

   A word or group of words that functions as a noun in a sentence.

   名词或名词短语

   • In the sentence 'The big dog barked,' 'the big dog' is a substantive.
   • Adjectives can sometimes act as substantives, like 'the rich' meaning rich people.
   • The substantive 'running' in 'Running is fun' is a gerund.

   同义词nominalnoun