tanning

• 指皮肤因日晒而变黑的晒黑过程；也指用鞣剂把生皮加工成皮革的鞣制过程，或作为惩罚的鞭打、痛打。

A noun referring to the process of skin darkening from sun exposure, the act of beating as punishment, or the process of converting rawhide into leather.

不可数

1. Skin darkening processA2formal

   The process by which the skin becomes darker in color due to exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light from the sun or artificial sources.

   晒黑

   • She spends a lot of time at the beach for tanning.
   • Tanning can be harmful if you don't use sunscreen.
   • Many people use tanning beds to get a year-round tan.

   同义词bronzing

   反义词depigmentationlighteningpalingwhitening

2. Physical punishmentC1informalbritish

   A beating or flogging administered with a whip, strap, or similar implement as a form of punishment.

   鞭打

   • In the past, children sometimes received a tanning for misbehaving.
   • The old stories describe a severe tanning given to the thief.
   • He threatened to give the boy a tanning if he lied again.

   同义词beatingdrubbingflogginglickingthrashingwallopingwhipping

3. Leather makingB2formal

   The process of converting animal rawhide into leather by treating it with chemicals or natural substances.

   鞣制

   • Traditional tanning uses tree bark extracts.
   • The tanning industry has developed more environmentally friendly methods.
   • He learned the art of tanning from his grandfather.

   同义词dressing

• 动词，指用鞣剂将动物皮加工成革，也指皮肤经日晒后变成褐色。

A verb used to indicate the process of converting animal skin into leather by treating it with tannins, or to become brown or darker from exposure to the sun.

1. Convert hide into leatherB2formal

   To treat animal skins with tannic acid or other chemicals to produce leather.

   鞣革

   • The artisan tanned the cowhide to make a durable belt.
   • Traditional methods of tanning leather use natural bark extracts.
   • They tanned the sheepskin to create soft gloves.

   同义词currydresstaw

2. Become sunburned or darkerA2informal

   To become darker in color from exposure to the sun or wind.

   晒黑

   • She tanned quickly during her vacation at the beach.
   • He tanned his arms while working in the garden.
   • They tanned their skin under the bright summer sun.

   同义词bronzebrownsuntan