facultative

• صفة تعني غير إلزامي أو غير مفروض؛ وتُستخدم في علم الأحياء لوصف كائن قادر على التكيف مع ظروف مختلفة.

An adjective meaning optional or not compulsory; also used in biology to describe an organism capable of adapting to different conditions.

1. Relating to mental facultiesC2formal

   Pertaining to the inherent powers of the mind, such as reason, memory, or will.

   متعلق بالقوى العقلية

   • The philosopher examined the facultative operations of the human intellect.
   • Meditation can enhance certain facultative abilities like focus and recollection.
   • Brain injury sometimes impairs facultative functions such as decision‑making.

2. Capable of adapting to different conditionsC1formalscientific

   Able to exist, grow, or function under more than one set of environmental or physiological circumstances.

   اختياري التكيف

   • This bacterium is facultative, thriving both with and without oxygen.
   • Many plants display facultative responses to changes in light intensity.
   • The organism’s facultative nature helps it survive in fluctuating habitats.

   المرادفاتadaptableflexibleversatile

   الأضدادobligate

3. Conferring permission or optionC2formallegal

   Granting a privilege, authority, or liberty to choose to do or not to do something.

   اختياري

   • The treaty included a facultative clause allowing member states to opt out of certain obligations.
   • A facultative mandate gives the representative discretion to act as they see fit.
   • Under facultative provisions, the company may but is not required to renew the contract.

   المرادفاتdiscretionaryelectiveoptionalpermissivevoluntary

   الأضدادcompulsorymandatoryobligatoryrequired

4. Not compulsoryB2formal

   Optional; left to individual choice rather than being required or mandatory.

   اختياري

   • Attendance at the seminar is facultative for all students.
   • The course includes facultative modules that students can select based on interest.
   • Payment of the membership fee is entirely facultative.

   المرادفاتdiscretionaryelectivenonmandatorynonobligatoryoptionalvoluntary

   الأضدادbindingcompulsorymandatoryobligatoryrequired