facultative

An adjective meaning optional or not compulsory; also used in biology to describe an organism capable of adapting to different conditions.

ruПрилагательное, означающее необязательный или не являющийся обязательным; также используется в биологии для описания организма, способного адаптироваться к различным условиям.esAdjetivo que significa opcional o no obligatorio; también se usa en biología para describir un organismo capaz de adaptarse a diferentes condiciones.frAdjectif signifiant qui n'est pas obligatoire ou qui n'est pas imposé ; utilisé aussi en biologie pour qualifier un organisme capable de s'adapter à différentes conditions.deAdjektiv, das bedeutet, dass etwas nicht verpflichtend oder optional ist; in der Biologie beschreibt es einen Organismus, der sich an verschiedene Bedingungen anpassen kann.ptAdjetivo que significa não obrigatório ou que não é exigido; em biologia, descreve um organismo capaz de se adaptar a condições variadas.zh形容词，指非强制的、可选的；在生物学中特指能在多种环境条件下生存或适应的（如兼性厌氧菌）。arصفة تعني غير إلزامي أو غير مفروض؛ وتُستخدم في علم الأحياء لوصف كائن قادر على التكيف مع ظروف مختلفة.

1. Relating to mental faculties C2 formal

   Pertaining to the inherent powers of the mind, such as reason, memory, or will.

   • The philosopher examined the facultative operations of the human intellect.
   • Meditation can enhance certain facultative abilities like focus and recollection.
   • Brain injury sometimes impairs facultative functions such as decision‑making.

   ruОтносящийся к умственным способностямesPerteneciente a las facultades mentalesfrRelatif aux facultés mentalesdeDie geistigen Fähigkeiten betreffendptRelativo às faculdades mentaiszh与心智能力有关的arمتعلق بالقوى العقلية

2. Capable of adapting to different conditions C1 formal scientific

   Able to exist, grow, or function under more than one set of environmental or physiological circumstances.

   • This bacterium is facultative, thriving both with and without oxygen.
   • Many plants display facultative responses to changes in light intensity.
   • The organism’s facultative nature helps it survive in fluctuating habitats.

   ruФакультативныйesFacultativo (en biología)frFacultatif (en biologie)deFakultativptFacultativozh兼性的arاختياري التكيف

   Synonyme: adaptableflexibleversatile

   Antonyme: obligate

3. Conferring permission or option C2 formal legal

   Granting a privilege, authority, or liberty to choose to do or not to do something.

   • The treaty included a facultative clause allowing member states to opt out of certain obligations.
   • A facultative mandate gives the representative discretion to act as they see fit.
   • Under facultative provisions, the company may but is not required to renew the contract.

   ruФакультативныйesQue otorga permiso u opciónfrqui confère une permission ou une optiondeFakultativptFacultativozh选择性的arاختياري

   Synonyme: discretionaryelectiveoptionalpermissivevoluntary

   Antonyme: compulsorymandatoryobligatoryrequired

4. Not compulsory B2 formal

   Optional; left to individual choice rather than being required or mandatory.

   • Attendance at the seminar is facultative for all students.
   • The course includes facultative modules that students can select based on interest.
   • Payment of the membership fee is entirely facultative.

   ruНеобязательныйesNo obligatoriofrfacultatif (non obligatoire)deFakultativptFacultativozh非强制性的arاختياري

   Synonyme: discretionaryelectivenonmandatorynonobligatoryoptionalvoluntary

   Antonyme: bindingcompulsorymandatoryobligatoryrequired

• more facultative comparative form
• most facultative superlative form