orthogonal

• صِفَةٌ تُطْلَقُ عَلَى الخُطُوطِ أَوِ المُسْتَوَيَاتِ أَوِ السَّطْحَاتِ المُتَقَاطِعَةِ بِزَاوِيَةٍ قَائِمَةٍ. وَفِي الرِّيَاضِيَّاتِ وَالحَاسُوبِ تُسْتَخْدَمُ لِوَصْفِ المَفَاهِيمِ المُسْتَقِلَّةِ أَوْ غَيْرِ المُتَعَلِّقَةِ بَعْضِهَا بِبَعْضٍ.

Relating to or denoting lines, planes, or surfaces that are at right angles to each other; used in mathematics and computing to describe independent or unrelated concepts.

1. C1formal

   Relating to or involving lines, planes, or surfaces that meet at right angles (90 degrees).

   متعامد

   • The two walls are orthogonal to each other.
   • In a Cartesian coordinate system, the x and y axes are orthogonal.
   • The architect designed the columns to be orthogonal to the floor.

   المرادفاتnormalperpendicularrectangularright-angled

2. Statistically independentC2formal

   In statistics, describing variables that are uncorrelated or independent of each other.

   مستقل إحصائيًا

   • The two factors were found to be orthogonal in the analysis.
   • Orthogonal variables do not influence each other's outcomes.
   • The experiment used orthogonal design to isolate effects.

   المرادفاتindependentuncorrelatedunrelated

   الأضدادcorrelateddependent

3. Irrelevant or unrelatedC2formal

   Not directly connected to or relevant to the main subject or issue.

   غير ذي صلة بالموضوع

   • His comment was orthogonal to the discussion at hand.
   • The data point is orthogonal to our research question.
   • That argument is orthogonal to the main problem we are solving.

   المرادفاتextraneousimmaterialinapplicableindependentirrelevantperipheraltangentialunconnectedunrelated

   الأضدادapplicableconnectedgermanematerialpertinentrelatedrelevant