recapitulation

• اسم يدل على عملية تلخيص أو تكرار النقاط الأساسية لشيء ما؛ وفي علم الأحياء يصف ظهور مراحل تطور الأسلاف في الجنين؛ وفي الموسيقى يشير إلى قسم من الشكل السوناتي تُعاد فيه الموضوعات السابقة.

A noun referring to the act of summarizing or repeating the main points of something; in biology, it describes the reappearance of ancestral developmental stages in an embryo; in music, it denotes the section of a sonata form where earlier themes are restated.

1. Embryonic developmentC2formalscientific

   The reappearance of ancestral features or structures during the growth of an embryo, reflecting the evolutionary history of a species.

   النمو الجنيني

   • The recapitulation of gill slits in human embryos is a classic example of ontogeny.
   • Scientists study recapitulation to understand evolutionary relationships.
   • The theory of recapitulation suggests that embryonic development mirrors evolutionary stages.

   المرادفاتpalingenesis

2. Musical repetitionC1formalart

   The section of a musical composition, especially in sonata form, where earlier themes are restated or revisited.

   إعادة العرض

   • The recapitulation in the sonata brought back the main melody with new harmonies.
   • Beethoven's recapitulation often includes dramatic changes in key.
   • The pianist emphasized the recapitulation with a powerful crescendo.

   المرادفاتrecaprepriserestatement

3. Summary or reviewB2formal

   A concise restatement of the main points of a longer discussion or text, often placed at the end.

   تلخيص

   • The professor gave a recapitulation of the lecture's key concepts.
   • The final chapter provides a recapitulation of the entire argument.
   • A brief recapitulation helped the audience remember the main ideas.

   المرادفاتabstractdigestoverviewrecaprestatementreviewrundownsummarysynopsis

4. Musical theme repetitionC1formalart

   The act of repeating earlier musical themes, especially when composing the final part of a movement.

   إعادة العرض

   • The composer used recapitulation to unify the movement's structure.
   • In the recapitulation, the themes return in the original key.
   • The recapitulation section often resolves the tension built in the development.

   المرادفاتrecapreiterationrepetitionrepriserestatementreturn