ultramontane

• صفة قديمة تعني الكائن وراء الجبال ولا سيما جبال الألب؛ استُخدمت تاريخياً للإشارة إلى الأشخاص أو الأشياء الواقعة على الجانب الإيطالي من جبال الألب، أو إلى مذهب السلطة البابوية المطلقة.

An obsolete adjective meaning situated beyond the mountains, especially the Alps; historically used to refer to people or things from the Italian side of the Alps, or to a doctrine of absolute papal authority.

1. Relating to ultramontanismC2formal

   Of or relating to the doctrine that the Pope has supreme authority in matters of faith and discipline, especially in contrast to national or local church authority.

   أُلتْرَامُونْتانِيّ

   • The ultramontane position was strongly defended by the council.
   • His ultramontane views put him at odds with the local clergy.
   • The debate between ultramontane and conciliarist ideas shaped church history.

   الأضدادepiscopaliangallican

2. Beyond the Alps (from Italy)C2formal

   Situated or originating beyond the Alps, especially from the perspective of Italy, meaning north of the Alps.

   ما وراء جبال الألب (من منظور إيطاليا)

   • The ultramontane regions of Europe have a distinct cultural heritage.
   • Trade routes connected ultramontane territories with the Italian peninsula.
   • The ultramontane peoples were often viewed as different by the Romans.

   المرادفاتtransalpine

3. On the Italian or Roman side of the AlpsC2formal

   Located on the southern side of the Alps, specifically the Italian or Roman side.

   ما وراء جبال الألب الجنوبي

   • The ultramontane perspective from Rome shaped its foreign policy.
   • Many ultramontane cities flourished under Roman influence.
   • The ultramontane regions were central to the Roman Empire's expansion.

   الأضدادcismontane

• اسم يُطلق على الكاثوليكي الذي يؤيد الألترامونتانيزم، أي مذهب سيادة البابا المطلقة في مسائل الإيمان والانضباط الكنسي، ويُستخدم أيضاً للدلالة على المتشدد في الولاء للسلطة البابوية.

A noun referring to a Roman Catholic who advocates ultramontanism, which is the doctrine of supreme papal authority in matters of faith and discipline.

1. Supporter of papal supremacyC2formal

   A Roman Catholic who advocates for the supreme authority of the Pope in matters of faith and discipline, especially in opposition to national or local church autonomy.

   مؤيد السيادة البابوية

   • The ultramontane argued that the Pope's decisions should be final in all church matters.
   • During the council, ultramontanes clashed with those who favored more local control.
   • He was a known ultramontane, always defending the central authority of the Vatican.

   المرادفاتromanist

   الأضدادgallicannationalist