perturbation

• Substantiv, das einen Zustand psychischer Unruhe oder Angst, eine kleine Abweichung in einem physikalischen System durch äußere Einwirkung, eine Störung oder Unterbrechung eines Ablaufs, einen nervösen oder wirren Zustand oder eine Handlung, die Unordnung verursacht, bezeichnet.

A noun referring to a state of mental unease or worry, a slight deviation in a physical system caused by an external influence, an interruption or malfunction in activity, a confused or nervous disposition, or the act of causing disorder.

1. Mental distressC1formal

   A state of being anxious, worried, or mentally unsettled.

   Unruhe

   • His perturbation was evident as he paced back and forth.
   • She tried to hide her perturbation, but her trembling hands gave her away.
   • The news caused great perturbation among the residents.

   Synonymeagitationanxietyconcerndisquietdistressnervousnesstroubleuneaseupsetworry

   Antonymecalmcomposurepeaceserenity

2. Physical deviationC2formal

   A small change in the regular motion or state of a physical system, often due to an external influence.

   Störung

   • The planet's orbit showed a slight perturbation caused by a nearby star.
   • In quantum mechanics, perturbation theory is used to approximate complex systems.
   • The gravitational perturbation from the moon affects the tides.

   Synonymealterationdisruptiondisturbancefluctuationinterferencevariation

3. Disruption or malfunctionC1formal

   An activity that interrupts normal operation or causes a malfunction.

   Störung oder Fehlfunktion

   • The power outage was a minor perturbation in the city's grid.
   • Any perturbation in the network could lead to data loss.
   • The system experienced a perturbation due to a software glitch.

   Synonymebreakdowndisruptiondisturbanceglitchinterferenceinterruptionmalfunction

4. Confused dispositionC1formal

   A state of being confused, nervous, or upset in one's demeanor.

   Verwirrung

   • His perturbation was obvious when he forgot his lines on stage.
   • She spoke with a perturbation that made her words hard to follow.
   • The child's perturbation grew as the noise increased.

   Synonymeagitationconfusiondiscomposuredisquietdisturbanceflusternervousnessturmoiluneaseupset

   Antonymecalmnesscomposureequanimityserenity

5. Act of causing disorderC1formal

   The action of creating disorder or disturbance in a system or situation.

   Störung

   • The protest was a perturbation of the usual city routine.
   • His arrival caused a perturbation in the quiet meeting.
   • The sudden change in policy led to a perturbation in the company's operations.

   Synonymeagitationconfusionderangementdiscomposuredisorderdisruptiondisturbanceupset

   Antonymecalmnormalityorderpeacestabilizationtranquility