bitterness

• Существительное, описывающее состояние или качество, характеризующееся резким неприятным вкусом или чувством глубокого гнева и обиды.

A noun describing a state or quality of having a sharp, unpleasant taste or a feeling of deep anger and resentment.

uncountable

1. Resentment or angerB2formal

   A deep and persistent feeling of anger and resentment, often due to a past injustice or disappointment.

   Горечь

   • Years of bitterness over the unfair treatment finally boiled over.
   • She spoke with bitterness about her former employer.
   • The divorce left a trail of bitterness between the families.

   Synonymsacrimonyanimosityembittermentgallgrudgehostilityrancorresentmentsournessspite

   Antonymsacceptancecontentmentforgivenessgoodwillsweetness

2. Harsh or acerbic mannerC1formal

   A rough, sharp, or unfriendly way of speaking or behaving.

   Резкость

   • His bitterness of tone made the conversation uncomfortable.
   • There was a bitterness in her reply that surprised everyone.
   • The critic's review was full of bitterness and sarcasm.

   Synonymsacerbityacrimonyasperityharshnessrancorsharpnessspleenvirulence

   Antonymsamiabilitycordialitygentlenesskindnessmildnesssweetness

3. Sharp taste sensationB1formalculinary

   The sharp, often unpleasant taste experienced when consuming substances like quinine, coffee, or dark chocolate.

   Горечь

   • The bitterness of the black coffee woke him up instantly.
   • She added sugar to reduce the bitterness of the tonic water.
   • The bitterness of the dark chocolate was too intense for her.

   Synonymsacridityacridnessharshnesspungencysharpness

   Antonymssaccharinitysweetness

4. Unpleasant flavor qualityB1formalculinary

   The inherent property of a substance that produces a harsh, acrid taste on the tongue.

   Горечь

   • The bitterness of the medicine made it hard to swallow.
   • Some vegetables, like kale, have a natural bitterness.
   • The bitterness of the grapefruit was balanced by the sweetness of the honey.

   Synonymsacerbityacridityacridnessharshnesspungencysharpnesstartness

   Antonymssweetness